MySQL 5.6.33 主从复制与主主复制
1 实验环境
# cat /etc/RedHat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
A主机：master IP：192.168.1.138 MYSQL:# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.33
B主机：slave IP：192.168.1.9 MYSQL:# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.33
注意:mysql数据库的版本，两个数据库版本要相同，或者slave比master版本低！
2 mysql5.6.33 安装：
1 下载mysql的rpm安装包
[root@localhost mysql]# lsMySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpmMySQL-client-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm MySQL-devel-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm2 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql[root@localhost mysql]# [root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm warning: MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYerror: Failed dependencies:net-tools is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64[root@localhost mysql]# yum -y install net-tools[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpmfile /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml from install of MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64如果报错，就是删除mariadb的包)[root@localhost mysql]# yum remove mariadb-libs[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.33-1.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost mysql]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /mysqldata[root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql:mysql /mysqldata[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db[root@localhost mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret # The random password set for the root user at Tue Mar 21 01:12:42 2017 (local time): a64DA4mpLbeCaydf (5.6安装的默认密码不在是空，而是随机密码，自己要修改)root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql restart[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -pa64DA4mpLbeCaydfmysql> set password = password('123456'); 修改root的密码Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> exit[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p1234562.1 修改数据的data目录，配置服务器的my.cnf文件：（如果需要修改datadir，请注意SELinux和目录是否有mysql用户的权限）
/var/lib/mysql/ #数据库目录/usr/share/mysql #配置文件目录/usr/bin #相关命令目录/etc/init.d/mysql #启动脚本#mkdir -p /mysql/data#chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/data#cp -ar /var/lib/mysql/* /mysql/data/#vim /etc/my.cnfdatadir = /mysqldata/dataport = 3306socket = /mysqldata/data/mysql.sock [root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql restartShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 改了datadir和socket，重启成功，但是连接报错[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)[root@localhost mysql]# ss -tnlp | grep 3306LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=9413,fd=10))这个时候在配置文件中加以下配置：[client]socket = /mysqldata/data/mysql.sock[root@localhost mysqldata]# /etc/init.d/mysql restartShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
3 在主服务器为从服务器设置一个连接账户，该账号必须授予REPLICATION SLAVE权限。
如果账户仅用于复制(推荐这样做),则不需要再授予其它任何权限。
# mysql -uroot -p123456mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'user'@'slave_ip' identified by '123456';#mysql>grant file on *.* to 'user'@'slave_ip' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql password';mysql>flush privileges;mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || apacex || mysql || performance_schema || test |+--------------------+ 创建一个测试数据库test1：
mysql> create database test1;mysql> use test1;mysql> create table users(id int NOT NULL,name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL);mysql> insert into users values(1,"user1");mysql> insert into users values(2,"user3");mysql> flush privileges;mysql> select * from users;+----+-------+| id | name |+----+-------+| 1 | user1 || 2 | user3 |+----+-------+ 3.1 编辑主配置文件my.cnf
server_id = 1 #server-id用于标识唯一的数据库，这里设置为1character_set_server = utf8 max_connections = 3000skip-name-resolveslow_query_log = TRUEslow_query_log_file = /home/db/slow.loglong_query_time = 5log-bin = mysql-binbinlog_format = ROWbinlog-do-db = xxx ##可以被从服务器复制的库。# binlog-ignore-db = yyy 不可以被从服务器复制的库innodb_file_per_table = OFFopen_files_limit = 65535back_log = 600max_connect_errors = 6000sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTIONauto_increment_increment = 2auto_increment_offset = 1# touch /mysql/data/slow.log# chown mysql:mysql /mysql/data/slow.log[root@localhost data]# /etc/init.d/mysql restartShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 登陆mysql，查看主的状态；mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| mysql-bin.000001 | 120 | | | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
4 配置从服务器：
vim /etc/my.cnfcharacter_set_server = utf8max_connections = 3000skip-name-resolveslow_query_log = TRUEslow_query_log_file = /home/db/slow.loglong_query_time = 5log-bin = mysql-binbinlog_format = ROWinnodb_file_per_table = OFFopen_files_limit = 65535back_log = 600max_connect_errors = 6000server_id = 2sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTIONauto_increment_increment = 2auto_increment_offset = 2replicate-do-db = test1 要接收的库# /etc/init.d/mysql restartShutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL..^[[A. SUCCESS!# mysql -uroot -p123456change master to master_host='192.168.1.28',master_user='root',master_password='abc-123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', master_log_pos=120;mysql> start slave; #开启Slavemysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.1.28 Master_User: hm Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000013 Relay_Log_Pos: 283 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: students Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120 Relay_Log_Space: 460 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 71a3a3a2-0d99-11e7-b0de-000c290c49b2 Master_Info_File: /mysql/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 01 row in set (0.13 sec)5 测试：
主：
mysql> use students;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedmysql> insert into users values (3,"c");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)mysql> select * from users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | a || 2 | b || 3 | c |+----+------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 看从库：
mysql> use students;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedmysql> select * from users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | a || 2 | b || 3 | c |+----+------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 到此为止主从就做好了，现开始做主主了：
1 在原从服务器上授权：
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'hm100'@'192.168.1.28' identified by '123456';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) 1.1 编辑配置文件
binlog-do-db = students 加要同步的数据库 1.2 重启
# /etc/init.d/mysql restartShutting down MySQL... SUCCESS! Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS! mysql -uroot -pmysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| mysql-bin.000007 | 120 | students | | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2 在原主上添加：
vim /etc/my.cnf 添加：replicate-do-db = xxx 要接收的库# /etc/init.d/mysql restartShutting down MySQL... SUCCESS! Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!mysql -uroot -pmysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.166',master_user='hm100',master_password='abc-123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007', master_log_pos=120;mysql> start slave;mysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.1.166 Master_User: hm100 Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000004 Relay_Log_Pos: 283 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: shudents Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 ...... 3 测试：
在原从上添加数据：
mysql> use students;mysql> select * from users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | a || 2 | b || 3 | c |+----+------+mysql> use students;mysql> insert into users values (7,"g");mysql> select * from users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | a || 2 | b || 3 | c || 7 | g |+----+------+看原主
mysql> select * from users;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+| 1 | a || 2 | b || 3 | c || 7 | g |+----+------+到此就实现了主主。
注意：
在mysql5.6之后不用指定以下，不然会出现报错：
master-host=192.168.1.1 #Master的主机IP master-user=root master-password=mysql password #Master的MySQL密码 Shutting down MySQL... SUCCESS! Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysqldb/xxx.pid)