python 基础之 socket接口与web接口
python 网络编程 主要有socket模块、BaseHTTPServer模块。socket属于更底层次，方便在日常运维工作中使用， http web接口更适合开放给外部人员使用，毕竟大多数语言都很方便支持http请求。
首先看最基本socket客户端与服务端实例:
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import socket
host = 'xx'
socketport = '1009'
flag = 'xxxx'
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((host, int(socketport)))
sock.send(flag)
recv = sock.recv(1024)
print "接收终端返回码："+recv
sock.close()
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
import os
import sys
import commands
import traceback
import socket
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
def oscmd(buf):
cmdtype = buf.strip()
##业务逻辑代码、处理完毕返回给客端#
connection.send('sucess')
# Step1: 创建socket对象
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 让socket支持地址复用 默认是不支持的
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)
# Step2: 配置socket 绑定IP和端口
sock.bind(('0.0.0.0', 1009))
# 设置最大允许连接数，各连接和server的通信遵循FIFO原则
sock.listen(1)
# Step3: 循环轮询socket状态，等待访问
while 1:
try:
#获取连接
connection,address = sock.accept()
buf = connection.recv(10240)
src_ip = address[0]
src_port = str(address[1])
print "接收提交请求:["+ buf +"] 发送源:["+ src_ip +":"+ src_port+"]"
# Step4：处理请求数据，验证更新key，录入更新任务，返回处理结果
oscmd(buf)
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
print "链接错误，请检查！"
raise Exception
socket多线程，同时并发处理多个请求。加入了python多线程而已
def handle_connection(conn,addr)
def main():
# socket.AF_INET 用于服务器与服务器之间的网络通信
# socket.SOCK_STREAM 基于TCP的流式socket通信
serversocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
# 设置端口可复用，保证我们每次Ctrl C之后，快速再次重启
serversocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
serversocket.bind(('192.168.2.221', 10089))
# 可参考：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2444459/python-sock-listen
serversocket.listen(5)
try:
while True:
conn,addr = serversocket.accept()
t = threading.Thread(target=handle_connection, args=(conn,addr))
t.start()
finally:
serversocket.close()
web接口客户端与服务端实例、服务端支持GET与POST请求
get请求
curl 192.168.11.xx:1009/api
post请求(json格式)
curl localhost:9999/api/daizhige/article -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/json" -d '"title":"comewords","content":"articleContent"'
#!/usr/bin/python
#encoding=utf-8
'''
基于BaseHTTPServer的http server实现，包括get，post方法，get参数接收，post参数接收。
'''
from BaseHTTPServer import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
import io,shutil
import urllib
import os, sys
import commands
class MyRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
mpath,margs=urllib.splitquery(self.path)
self.do_action(mpath,margs)
def do_POST(self):
mpath,margs=urllib.splitquery(self.path)
datas = self.rfile.read(int(self.headers['content-length']))
self.do_action(mpath, datas)
def do_action(self,args):
self.outputtxt( args )
def outputtxt(self, content):
#指定返回编码
enc = "UTF-8"
content = content.encode(enc)
f = io.BytesIO()
f.write(content)
f.seek(0)
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html; charset=%s" % enc)
self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(content)))
self.end_headers()
shutil.copyfileobj(f,self.wfile)
def main():
try:
server = HTTPServer(('192.168.xx.219',1009),MyRequestHandler)
print 'welcome to websocket'
server.serve_forever()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print 'shutting down server'
server.socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
