Python之zipfile模块的使用

SDUTACM

2020-01-10

1、判断是否是zip文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

filenames = [‘tcp_server.py‘, ‘test.py‘, ‘test.zip‘]

for filename in filenames:
    print(‘{:>15}  {}‘.format(filename, zipfile.is_zipfile(filename)))

zipfile_is_zipfile.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_is_zipfile.py 
  tcp_server.py  False
        test.py  False
       test.zip  True

2、查看zip里面的文件名

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile(‘test.zip‘, ‘r‘) as zf:
    print(zf.namelist())

zipfile_namelist.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_namelist.py 
[‘tcp_client.py‘, ‘tcp_server.py‘, ‘test.py‘]

3、查看zip里面文件的大小、文件名、修改时间等参数

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile
import datetime

def print_info(archive_name):
    with zipfile.ZipFile(archive_name) as zf:
        for info in zf.infolist():
            print(info.filename)
            print(‘   Comment    :‘, info.comment)
            mod_date = datetime.datetime(*info.date_time)
            print(‘   Modified    :‘, mod_date)
            if info.create_system == 0:
                system = ‘Windows‘
            elif info.create_system == 3:
                system = ‘Unix‘
            else:
                system = ‘UNKNOWN‘
            print(‘   System    :‘, system)
            print(‘   Zip Version    :‘, info.create_version)
            print(‘   Compressed    :‘, info.compress_size, ‘bytes‘)
            print(‘   UnCompressed    :‘, info.file_size, ‘bytes‘)

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    print_info(‘test.zip‘)

zipfile_infolist.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_infolist.py 
tcp_client.py
   Comment    : b‘‘
   Modified    : 2020-01-09 18:01:58
   System    : Windows
   Zip Version    : 63
   Compressed    : 221 bytes
   UnCompressed    : 301 bytes
tcp_server.py
   Comment    : b‘‘
   Modified    : 2020-01-09 18:15:06
   System    : Windows
   Zip Version    : 63
   Compressed    : 511 bytes
   UnCompressed    : 996 bytes
test.py
   Comment    : b‘‘
   Modified    : 2020-01-09 16:58:52
   System    : Windows
   Zip Version    : 63
   Compressed    : 206 bytes
   UnCompressed    : 426 bytes

4、指定文件名查看zip里面的文件信息

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile(‘test.zip‘) as zf:
    filenames = [‘test.py‘, ‘README.txt‘]
    for filename in filenames:
        try:
            info = zf.getinfo(filename)
        except KeyError:
            print(‘文件：{},不存在zip里面‘.format(filename))
        else:
            print(‘文件名：{} 文件大小：{} bytes‘.format(filename, info.file_size))

zipfile_getinfo.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_getinfo.py 
文件名：test.py 文件大小：426 bytes
文件：README.txt,不存在zip里面

5、查看zip里面文件的内容

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile(‘test.zip‘) as zf:
    filenames = [‘test.py‘, ‘README.txt‘]
    for filename in filenames:
        try:
            data = zf.read(filename)
        except KeyError:
            print(‘文件：{},不存在zip里面‘.format(filename))
        else:
            print(‘文件名：{} 文件内容：{}‘.format(filename, data))

zipfile_read.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_read.py 
文件名：test.py 文件内容：b"#!/usr/bin/env python3\r\n"
文件：README.txt,不存在zip里面

6、增加文件zip压缩

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile(‘write.zip‘,‘w‘) as zf:
    print(‘增加test.py压缩‘)
    zf.write(‘test.py‘)

zipfile_write.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_write.py 
增加test.py压缩

[ mnt]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  278 Jan 10 11:37 write.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  160 Jan 10 11:37 zipfile_write.py

7、设置压缩模式压缩文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

try:
    import zlib

    compression = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED
except (ImportError, AttributeError):
    compression = zipfile.ZIP_STORED

modes = {  # set集合
    zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED: ‘deflated‘,
    zipfile.ZIP_STORED: ‘stored‘,
}

print(‘创建压缩文件‘)
with zipfile.ZipFile(‘write_compression.zip‘, ‘w‘) as wf:
    mode_name = modes[compression]
    print(‘增加 test.py 文件压缩并且设置压缩模式‘, mode_name)
    wf.write(‘test.py‘, compress_type=compression)

zipfile_write_compression.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3  zipfile_write_compression.py 
创建压缩文件
增加 test.py 文件压缩并且设置压缩模式 deflated

[ mnt]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  256 Jan 10 14:11 write_compression.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  542 Jan 10 14:11 zipfile_write_compression.py

8、压缩文件，并且修改被压缩的文件名

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile(‘write_artcname.zip‘, ‘w‘) as wf:
    wf.write(‘test.py‘,arcname=‘artcle_name_test.py‘)

zipfile_write_arcname.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_write_arcname.py 


[ mnt]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  302 Jan 10 14:17 write_artcname.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  167 Jan 10 14:16 zipfile_write_arcname.py

[ mnt]# unzip -l write_artcname.zip 
Archive:  write_artcname.zip
  Length      Date    Time    Name
---------  ---------- -----   ----
      166  01-10-2020 11:35   artcle_name_test.py
---------                     -------
      166                     1 file

9、从内存中获取数据，压缩为zip文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

msg = ‘This Data did not exist in a file‘
with zipfile.ZipFile(‘writestr.zip‘, ‘w‘, compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:
    zf.writestr(‘from_string.txt‘, msg)

with zipfile.ZipFile(‘writestr.zip‘, ‘r‘) as zf:
    print(zf.read(‘from_string.txt‘))

zipfile_writestr.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_writestr.py 
b‘This Data did not exist in a file‘

[ mnt]# ll
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  163 Jan 10 14:25 writestr.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  312 Jan 10 14:25 zipfile_writestr.py

10、压缩数据，并且设置被压缩文件的时间等参数

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile
import time

msg = ‘This Data did not exist in a file‘
with zipfile.ZipFile(‘writestr_zipinfo.zip‘, ‘w‘) as zf:
    info = zipfile.ZipInfo(‘from_string.txt‘, date_time=time.localtime(time.time()))
    info.compress_type = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED
    info.comment = ‘这是压缩的注释‘.encode(‘utf-8‘)
    info.create_system = 0
    zf.writestr(info, msg)

zipfile_writestr_zipinfo.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_writestr_info.py 

[ mnt]# unzip -l writestr_zipinfo.zip 
Archive:  writestr_zipinfo.zip
  Length      Date    Time    Name
---------  ---------- -----   ----
       33  01-10-2020 14:36   from_string.txt
这是压缩的注释
---------                     -------
       33                     1 file

11、往压缩文件，增加文件继续压缩的示例

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

print(‘创建压缩zip‘)
with zipfile.ZipFile(‘append.zip‘, ‘w‘) as zf:
    zf.write(‘test.py‘)

print(‘往append.zip文件增加新的文件‘)
with zipfile.ZipFile(‘append.zip‘, ‘a‘) as af:
    af.write(‘test.py‘, arcname=‘new_test.py‘)

print(‘增加压缩文件完成‘)

zipfile_append.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_append.py 
创建压缩zip
往append.zip文件增加新的文件
增加压缩文件完成

[ mnt]# unzip -l append.zip 
Archive:  append.zip
  Length      Date    Time    Name
---------  ---------- -----   ----
      166  01-10-2020 11:35   test.py
      166  01-10-2020 11:35   new_test.py
---------                     -------
      332                     2 files

12、查看压缩文件里面所有的目录和文件名

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile(‘example.zip‘, ‘r‘) as rf:
    print(rf.printdir())

zipfile_printdir.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_printdir.py 
File Name                                             Modified             Size
add/                                           2020-01-10 14:45:36            0
add/test.zip                                   2020-01-10 09:58:18         1362
add/write_artcname.zip                         2020-01-10 14:17:44          302
add/writestr.zip                               2020-01-10 14:25:22          163
content_update.txt                             2020-01-09 11:53:32          336

13、利用zipfile模块，把py代码转为pyc并且压缩打包成zip文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8

import zipfile

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    with zipfile.PyZipFile(‘pyzipfile.zip‘, ‘w‘) as wf:
        wf.debug = 3
        print(‘增加Python多个文件‘)
        wf.writepy(‘.‘)

    for name in wf.namelist():
        print(name)

zipfile_pyzipfile.py

运行效果

[ mnt]# python3 zipfile_pyzipfile.py 
增加Python多个文件
Adding files from directory .
Adding test.pyc
Adding zipfile_pyzipfile.pyc
test.pyc
zipfile_pyzipfile.pyc

[ mnt]# unzip -l pyzipfile.zip 
Archive:  pyzipfile.zip
  Length      Date    Time    Name
---------  ---------- -----   ----
      233  01-10-2020 14:57   test.pyc
      349  01-10-2020 14:57   zipfile_pyzipfile.pyc
---------                     -------
      582                     2 files

em python3 zip