Dubbo基础使用

deyu

2020-05-19

概述：本文Dubbo采用全Spring配置方式，透明化介入应用，只需用Spring加载Dubbo的配置即可，注册中心使用zookeeper，编辑器采用idea。

一、安装配置zookeeper

1、在官网http://zookeeper.apache.org 下载zookeeper，我使用的版本是3.4.14；

2、解压zookeeper压缩包至你想安装的路径；

3、ZooKeeper的安装模式分为三种，分别为：单机模式（stand-alone）、集群模式和集群伪分布模式。ZooKeeper 单机模式的安装相对比较简单，如果第一次接触ZooKeeper的话，建议安装ZooKeeper单机模式或者集群伪分布模式。

安装单机模式

（1）到zookeeper安装目录中的bin目录下复制zoo_simple.cfg并粘贴至当前目录下，重命名为zoo.cfg；

（2）修改zoo.cfg配置

（3）cmd命令下进入安装目录下的bin目录，运行zkServer.cmd，如下图所示：

（4）可以在bin目录运行zkcli.cmd查看zookeeper节点信息

二、创建Dubbo项目

1、创建父项目（Maven项目）

2、在父项目中分别创建common（存放接口定义或bean）、provider（服务提供者）、consumer（服务消费者）的module子项目

Dubbo基础使用

3、分别修改pom文件

（1）父项目的pom文件，添加Dubbo和zookeeper等依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.mysteel</groupId>
    <artifactId>test</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <modules>
        <module>common</module>
        <module>consumer</module>
        <module>provider</module>
    </modules>
    
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.dubbo/dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--增加zookeeper作为注册中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.3</version>
            <type>pom</type>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.curator/curator-recipes -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--使用curator客户端-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.netflix.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.24</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

（2）分别在provider、consumer中添加common项目的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.mysteel</groupId>
    <artifactId>common</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

4、在common接口中定义接口、bean（需要实现Serializable接口）

public class Address implements Serializable {
    private int id;
    private int userId;
    private String address;

    public Address(int id, int userId, String address) {
        this.id = id;
        this.userId = userId;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", userId=" + userId +
                ", address=‘" + address + ‘\‘‘ +
                ‘}‘;
    }
}

public class Person implements Serializable {
    private int userId;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private List<Address> addresses;

    public Person(int userId, String name, int age, List<Address> addresses) {
        this.userId = userId;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.addresses = addresses;
    }

    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public List<Address> getAddresses() {
        return addresses;
    }

    public void setAddresses(List<Address> addresses) {
        this.addresses = addresses;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "userId=" + userId +
                ", name=‘" + name + ‘\‘‘ +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", addresses=" + addresses +
                ‘}‘;
    }
}

public interface UserService {
    Person getUserAddressesByUserId(int userId);
}
  
   5、在provider模块中实现接口，并暴露服务
        实现接口

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    public Person getUserAddressesByUserId(int userId) {
        Person[] people = new Person[2];
        Address address1 = new Address(1,1,"江西省吉安市吉州区XXXX");
        Address address2 = new Address(2,1,"福建省厦门市思明区XXXX");
        Address address3 = new Address(3,2,"江西省南昌市青山湖区XXXX");
        List<Address> addressList1 = new ArrayList<Address>();
        addressList1.add(address1);
        addressList1.add(address2);
        List<Address> addressList2 = new ArrayList<Address>();
        addressList2.add(address3);
        Person person1 = new Person(1,"张三",22,addressList1);
        Person person2 = new Person(2,"李四",22,addressList2);
        people[0] = person1;
        people[1] = person2;
        for (int i = 0;i < people.length;i++){
            if (people[i].getUserId() == userId){
                return people[i];
            }
        }
       return null;
    }
}
        用Spring 声明暴露服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd        http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo        http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->
    <dubbo:application name="provider"/>

    <!-- 使用zookeeper广播注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="curator"/>

    <!-- 用dubbo协议在2088端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="2088"/>

    <!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.mysteel.cominterface.UserService" ref="userService"/>

    <!-- 和本地bean一样实现服务(暴露接口的实现) -->
    <bean id="userService" class="com.mysteel.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>

</beans>
        加载Spring配置，启动提供者（需要先启动zookeeper服务）

public class Provider {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:provider.xml");
        context.start();
        System.in.read();
    }
}



    6、在consumer模块中订阅服务
        通过 Spring 配置引用远程服务

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd        http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo        http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 消费方应用名，用于计算依赖关系，不是匹配条件，不要与提供方一样 -->
    <dubbo:application name="consumer"/>

    <!-- 使用zookeeper广播注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" client="curator"/>

    <!-- 生成远程服务代理，可以和本地bean一样使用userService,声明需要调用的接口 interface填写common中接口的全路径 -->
    <dubbo:reference interface="com.mysteel.cominterface.UserService" id="userService"/>
</beans>

加载Spring配置，并调用远程服务

public class Consumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:consumer.xml");
        context.start();
        //获取远程服务代理
        UserService userService = (UserService) context.getBean("userService");
        System.out.println(userService.getUserAddressesByUserId(1));
    }
}

Dubbo基础使用

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