Hive_安装部署

1.Hive官网地址

http://hive.apache.org/

2.文档查看地址

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/GettingStarted

3.下载地址

http://archive.apache.org/dist/hive/

4.github地址

https://github.com/apache/hive

Hive安装部署

1.Hive安装及配置

(1)把apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz上传到linux的/opt/software目录下

(2)解压apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz到/opt/module/目录下面

[ software]$ tar -zxvf apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/module/

(3)修改apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz的名称为hive

[ module]$ mv apache-hive-1.2.1-bin/ hive

(4)修改/opt/module/hive/conf目录下的hive-env.sh.template名称为hive-env.sh

[ conf]$ mv hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh

       (5)配置hive-env.sh文件

       (a)配置HADOOP_HOME路径

export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/module/hadoop-2.7.2

       (b)配置HIVE_CONF_DIR路径

export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/module/hive/conf

2.Hadoop集群配置

(1)必须启动hdfs和yarn

[ hadoop-2.7.2]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh

[ hadoop-2.7.2]$ sbin/start-yarn.sh

(2)在HDFS上创建/tmp和/user/hive/warehouse两个目录并修改他们的同组权限可写

[ hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir /tmp

[ hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/warehouse

[ hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w /tmp

[ hadoop-2.7.2]$ bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w /user/hive/warehouse

3.Hive基本操作

(1)启动hive

[ hive]$ bin/hive

(2)查看数据库

hive> show databases;

(3)打开默认数据库

hive> use default;

(4)显示default数据库中的表

hive> show tables;

(5)创建一张表

hive> create table student(id int, name string);

(6)显示数据库中有几张表

hive> show tables;

(7)查看表的结构

hive> desc student;

(8)向表中插入数据

hive> insert into student values(1000,"ss");

(9)查询表中数据

hive> select * from student;

(10)退出hive

hive> quit;

说明:(查看hive在hdfs中的结构)

数据库:在hdfs中表现为${hive.metastore.warehouse.dir}目录下一个文件夹

表:在hdfs中表现所属db目录下一个文件夹,文件夹中存放该表中的具体数据

将本地文件导入Hive案例

需求

将本地/opt/module/datas/student.txt这个目录下的数据导入到hive的student(id int, name string)表中。

1.数据准备

在/opt/module/datas这个目录下准备数据

(1)在/opt/module/目录下创建datas

[ module]$ mkdir datas

(2)在/opt/module/datas/目录下创建student.txt文件并添加数据

[ datas]$ touch student.txt

[ datas]$ vi student.txt

1001   zhangshan

1002   lishi

1003   zhaoliu

注意以tab键间隔。

2.Hive实际操作

(1)启动hive

[ hive]$ bin/hive

(2)显示数据库

hive> show databases;

(3)使用default数据库

hive> use default;

(4)显示default数据库中的表

hive> show tables;

(5)删除已创建的student表

hive> drop table student;

(6)创建student表, 并声明文件分隔符’\t’

hive> create table student(id int, name string) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED

 BY ‘\t‘;

(7)加载/opt/module/datas/student.txt 文件到student数据库表中。

hive> load data local inpath ‘/opt/module/datas/student.txt‘ into table student;

(8)Hive查询结果

hive> select * from student;

OK

1001   zhangshan

1002   lishi

1003   zhaoliu

Time taken: 0.266 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s)

3.遇到的问题

再打开一个客户端窗口启动hive,会产生java.sql.SQLException异常。

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException:

 Unable to instantiate

 org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:522)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:677)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:621)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)

        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)

        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)

        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1523)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.<init>(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:86)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:132)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:104)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:3005)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3024)

        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:503)

... 8 more

原因是,Metastore默认存储在自带的derby数据库中,推荐使用MySQL存储Metastore;

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