如何在 Arch Linux（UEFI）上安装 GRUB

前段时间，我写了一篇在安装 Windows 后在 Arch Linux 上如何重新安装 Grub的教程。

几周前，我不得不在我的笔记本上从头开始重新安装 Arch Linux，同时我发现安装 Grub 并不像我想的那么简单。

出于这个原因，由于在新安装 Arch Linux 时在 UEFI bios 中安装 Grub 并不容易，所以我要写这篇教程。

定位 EFI 分区

在 Arch Linux 上安装 Grub 的第一件重要事情是定位 EFI 分区。让我们运行以下命令以找到此分区：

1. <span class="com">#</span><span class="kwd">fdisk</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">l</span>

我们需要检查标记为 EFI System 的分区，我这里是 /dev/sda2。

之后，我们需要在例如 /boot/efi 上挂载这个分区：

1. <span class="com">#</span><span class="kwd">mkdir</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">boot</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">efi</span>
2. <span class="com">#</span><span class="kwd">mount</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">dev</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">sdb2 </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">boot</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">efi</span>

另一件重要的事情是将此分区添加到 /etc/fstab 中。

安装 Grub

现在我们可以在我们的系统中安装 Grub：

1. <span class="com">#</span><span class="pln"> grub</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mkconfig </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">o </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">boot</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">grub</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">grub</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">cfg</span>
2. <span class="com">#</span><span class="pln"> grub</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">install </span><span class="pun">--</span><span class="pln">target</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">x86_64</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">efi </span><span class="pun">--</span><span class="pln">efi</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">directory</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="str">/boot/</span><span class="pln">efi </span><span class="pun">--</span><span class="pln">bootloader</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="kwd">id</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">GRUB</span>

自动将 Windows 添加到 Grub 菜单中

为了自动将 Windows 条目添加到 Grub 菜单，我们需要安装 os-prober：

1. <span class="com">#</span><span class="pln"> pacman </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Sy</span><span class="pln"> os</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">prober</span>

要添加它，让我们运行以下命令：

1. <span class="com">#</span><span class="pln"> os</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">prober</span>
2. <span class="com">#</span><span class="pln"> grub</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">mkconfig </span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">o </span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">boot</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">grub</span><span class="pun">/</span><span class="pln">grub</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">cfg</span>
3. <span class="com">#</span><span class="pln"> grub</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">install </span><span class="pun">--</span><span class="pln">target</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">x86_64</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">efi </span><span class="pun">--</span><span class="pln">efi</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="pln">directory</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="str">/boot/</span><span class="pln">efi </span><span class="pun">--</span><span class="pln">bootloader</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="kwd">id</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln">GRUB</span>

你可以在这里找到更多关于在 Arch Linux 上 Grub 的信息。

via: http://fasterland.net/how-to-install-grub-on-arch-linux-uefi.html

作者：Francesco Mondello 选题：lujun9972 译者：geekpi 校对：wxy

本文由 LCTT 原创编译，Linux中国 荣誉推出