ubuntu下nginx+php7+mysql搭建web服务器

airfish000

2016-11-20

Ubuntu（乌班图）是一个很优秀的Linux操作系统，其名称来自非洲南部祖鲁语或豪萨语的“ubuntu”一词，意思是“人性”、“我的存在是因为大家的存在”，是非洲传统的一种价值观，类似华人社会的“仁爱”思想。Ubuntu 是基于Debian GNU/Linux，支持x86、amd64（即x64）和ppc架构，由全球化的专业开发团队（Canonical Ltd）打造的开源GNU/Linux操作系统。

Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的，Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。

在高并发连接的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。Nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。在Nginx在性能方面，在网上有很多的介绍文章，在这里就不重复介绍了。

安装步骤：

（系统要求：Linux 3.0+ 内核，本文中的Linux操作系统为Ubuntu 16.04）

一、获取相关开源程序：

1、【适用Ubuntu操作系统】利用Ubuntu Linux系统自带的apt-get命令安装、升级所需的程序库

sudo -s

apt-get install build-essential automake autoconf cmake libtool libcurses-ocaml-dev libxml2-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libxpm-dev libfreetype6-dev libxslt1-dev openssl pkg-config

2、程序源码包名称及下地址

libiconv-1.13.tar.gz http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/

libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gzhttps://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/

mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz https://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/

mcrypt-2.6.4.tar.gz https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/MCrypt/

mariadb-10.1.18.tar.gz https://mariadb.org/download/

php-7.0.12.tar.gz http://php.net/downloads.php

libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/+download

php-memcachedhttps://github.com/php-memcached-dev/php-memcached.git

phpredis https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis.git

imagick-3.4.3RC1.tgz http://pecl.php.net/package/imagick

zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz http://www.zlib.net/

pcre-8.37.tar.gz https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/

tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz http://tengine.taobao.org

大部份程序下载地址都在国外，下载可能比较慢，也可以去百度云盘下载

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1slm0FZR

二、安装环境所需要的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make && make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so /usr/lib/libssl.so

touch /usr/local/include/mhash_config.h

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

三、安装数据库mariadb（mariadb介绍请访问http://baike.baidu.com/item/mariaDB）

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

tar zxvf mariadb-10.1.18.tar.gz

cd mariadb-10.1.18/

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DENABLE_DEBUG_SYNC=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLED_PROFILING=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_LIBWRAP=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=yes

make

make install

附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下几步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。

①、创建MySQL数据库存放目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data

mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog/binlog

chmod +w /data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

②、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql

③、创建my.cnf文件，并修改my.cnf配置文件：添加以下内容

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /data/mysql/my.cnf

vi /data/mysql/my.cnf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/data

log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_error.log

pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

④、创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本：

vi /data/mysql/mysql

输入以下内容（这里的用户名root和密码123456接下来的步骤会创建）：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/sh

mysql_port=3306

mysql_username="root"

mysql_password="123456"

function_start_mysql()

{

printf "Starting MySQL...\n"

/bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/my.cnf 2>&1 > --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data &

}

function_stop_mysql()

{

printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown

}

function_restart_mysql()

{

printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"

function_stop_mysql

sleep 5

function_start_mysql

}

function_kill_mysql()

{

kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')

}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then

function_start_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then

function_stop_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then

function_restart_mysql

elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then

function_kill_mysql

else

printf "Usage: /data/mysql/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n"

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

⑤、赋予shell脚本可执行权限：

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

chmod +x /data/mysql/mysql

⑥、启动MySQL：

/data/mysql/mysql start

⑦、通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

⑧、输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

###########################################################################################

⑨、（可选）停止MySQL：

/data/mysql/mysql stop

四、安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

1、建立 www 用户

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www -s /sbin/nologin -r www

2、解压安装

tar zxvf php-7.0.12.tar.gz

cd php-7.0.12/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --enable-opcache=yes --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-curl --with-pear --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-xpm-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-mcrypt --with-mhash --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-bz2 --with-gettext --disable-debug --enable-exif --enable-wddx --enable-zip --enable-bcmath --enable-calendar --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-shmop --enable-dba --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-sysvmsg --disable-rpath --enable-inline-optimization --enable-pcntl --enable-mbregex --with-pcre-regex --with-pdo-mysql --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-iconv-dir --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --enable-zip --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-maintainer-zts --enable-exif --enable-ftp

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

3、拷贝php.ini等配置文件

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

cd ../

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

apt-get install git

apt-get install imagemagick libmagickwand-dev

tar zxvf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.gz

cd libmemcached-1.0.18

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached --with-memcached

make && make install

cd ../

如果没有去百度云盘下载压缩包，可用github命令下载

git clone https://github.com/php-memcached-dev/php-memcached.git

tar zxvf php-memcached.tar.gz

cd php-memcached

git checkout php7

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-memcached --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached --disable-memcached-sasl

make

make install

cd ../

如果没有去百度云盘下载压缩包，可用github命令下载

git clone https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis.git

tar zxvf phpredis.tar.gz

cd phpredis

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-3.4.3RC1.tgz

cd imagick-3.4.3RC1/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

5、修改php.ini文件

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

修改 php.ini ，去掉 date.timezone 的注释，并设置为 date.timezone = PRC

手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

修改为

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20151012/"

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

extension = "memcached.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

extension = "redis.so"

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

再查找zlib.output_compression = Off

修改为zlib.output_compression = On

按住shift+g跳到php.ini最后一行，加上opcache相关配置

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20151012/opcache.so"

opcache.force_restart_timeout=3600

opcache.memory_consumption=1024

opcache.optimization_level=1

opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8

opcache.max_accelerated_files=4096

opcache.revalidate_freq=60

opcache.fast_shutdown=1

opcache.enable=1

opcache.enable_cli=1

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

添加php比较危险的函数

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

disable_functions = exec,system,passthru,ini_alter,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,link,leak,proc_open,popepassthru,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,proc_get_status,popen,com,eval,gzuncompress,php_admin_value,php_admin_flag

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

6、创建php的启动角本　

vi /usr/local/php/php-fpm

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/sh

function_start_php()

{

printf "Starting Php-fpm...\n"

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -g /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

}

function_stop_php()

{

printf "Stoping Php-fpm...\n"

kill -INT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

}

function_restart_php()

{

printf "Restarting Php-fpm...\n"

kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then

function_start_php

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then

function_stop_php

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then

function_restart_php

else

printf "Usage: /usr/local/php/php-fpm {start|stop|restart}\n"

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

给php-fpm执行以下命令

chmod +x /usr/local/php/php-fpm

启动PHP命令

/usr/local/php/php-fpm start

启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，p进程数为128（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www

五、安装Nginx(Tengine)

1、安装Nginx所需的库,解压这些文件，并不需要安装：

tar -xvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

tar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz

2、安装Tengine

tar zxvf tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz

cd tengine-2.1.0/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/data/soft/pcre-8.37 --with-zlib=/data/soft/zlib-1.2.8

注意：--with-pcre=/data/soft/pcre-8.37指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错,同样,openssl zlib的路径都是源码包解压路径s。

make && make install

cd ../

3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data/logs

chmod +w /data/logs

chown -R www:www /data/logs

4、创建Nginx配置文件

①、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

user www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /data/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

include vhosts/*.conf;

}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

创建php5.conf

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/php5.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/php5.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

set $path_info "";

set $real_script_name $fastcgi_script_name;

if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ "^(.+?\.php)(/.+)$") {

set $real_script_name $1;

set $path_info $2;

}

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$real_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $real_script_name;

fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;

}

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

创建image.conf

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/image.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/image.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires 30d;

}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

创建js.conf

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/js.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/js.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

expires 1d;

}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

创建vhosts/a.conf

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts

touch /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/a.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

server

{

listen 80;

charset utf-8;

server_name 192.168.1.50;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/www/blog;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

include php5.conf;

include image.conf;

include js.conf;

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /data/logs/access.log access;

}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

#PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

1、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

2、平滑重启：

①、对于Nginx 0.8.以后的版本，现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单，执行以下命令即可：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

3、创建Nginx启动脚本

vi /usr/local/nginx/nginx

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/sh

nginx_s="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

function_start_nginx()

{

printf "Starting nginx...\n"

${nginx_s}

}

function_stop_nginx()

{

printf "Stoping nginx...\n"

${nginx_s} -s stop

}

function_restart_nginx()

{

printf "Restarting nginx...\n"

${nginx_s} -s reload

}

if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then

function_start_nginx

elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then

function_stop_nginx

elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then

function_restart_nginx

else

printf "Usage: /usr/local/nginx/nginx {start|stop|restart}\n"

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/nginx

七、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local

在末尾增加以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

ulimit -SHn 65535

/data/mysql/mysql start

/usr/local/php/php-fpm start

/usr/local/nginx/nginx start

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

八、优化Linux内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾增加以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

# Add

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768

net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0

net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000

net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

使配置立即生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

九、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

1、创建脚本/usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

vi /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

输入以下内容：

/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

#!/bin/bash

# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path

logs_path="/data/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/

mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log

kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~/

chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

2、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

crontab -e

输入以下内容：

引用

00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

友帮拓系统 web开发 dev sourceforge gz web服务器

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ubuntu下nginx+php7+mysql搭建web服务器

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