Hibernate多对多两种情况

TomasEdision

2013-03-04

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Hibernate在做多对多映射的时候，除了原先的两张表外，会多出一个中间表做关联，根据中间表的会有两种不同的配置情况：

相关链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/jetZheng/archive/2013/03/04/hibernate.html

1.中间表不需要加入额外数据。

2.中间表有其他字段，需记录额外数据。

下面，我们就以address、person这两张表根据这两种情况做下相应的配置：

情况1：

我们需要建三张表，一张address表，一张person表，一张中间表（其实中间表可以不用建，配置好后运行会自动生成），如下：

delimiter $$

CREATE TABLE `address` (
  `address_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `address_name` varchar(50) default NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`address_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8$$

delimiter $$

CREATE TABLE `person` (
  `person_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `person_name` varchar(20) default NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`person_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8$$

delimiter $$

CREATE TABLE `person_address` (
  `person_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `address_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`address_id`,`person_id`),
  KEY `FK23F8B90AAAA29DA8` (`person_id`),
  KEY `FK23F8B90AB52F16EC` (`address_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK23F8B90AB52F16EC` FOREIGN KEY (`address_id`) REFERENCES `address` (`address_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK23F8B90AAAA29DA8` FOREIGN KEY (`person_id`) REFERENCES `person` (`person_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8$$

表建好后，我们需要写相应的实体类：

public class Address {
    
    private int addressId;
    private String addressName;
    private Set<Person> person;
    
    public int getAddressId() {
        return addressId;
    }
    public void setAddressId(int addressId) {
        this.addressId = addressId;
    }
    public String getAddressName() {
        return addressName;
    }
    public void setAddressName(String addressName) {
        this.addressName = addressName;
    }
    public Set<Person> getPerson() {
        return person;
    }
    public void setPerson(Set<Person> person) {
        this.person = person;
    }
    
}


public class Person {
    
    private int personId;
    private String personName;
    private Set<Address> address;
    
    public int getPersonId() {
        return personId;
    }
    public void setPersonId(int personId) {
        this.personId = personId;
    }
    
    public String getPersonName() {
        return personName;
    }
    public void setPersonName(String personName) {
        this.personName = personName;
    }
    public Set<Address> getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(Set<Address> address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
        
}

在这里，我们只需要配置两个实体类与相应配置文件即可，中间表无须建实体类与配置文件，hibernate会帮你自动关连。

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.test.web.model">

    <class name="Address" table="address">
        <id name="addressId" type="int" >
            <column name="address_id" length="11"></column> 
        </id>
        <property name="addressName" type="string" >
            <column name="address_name" length="50"></column>
        </property>
        <set name="person" cascade="all" table="person_address">
            <key column="address_id"></key>
            <many-to-many class="Person" column="person_id"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>


<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.test.web.model">

    <class name="Person" table="person">
        <id name="personId" type="int" >
            <column name="person_id" length="11"></column> 
        </id>
        <property name="personName" type="string" >
            <column name="person_name" length="20"></column>
        </property>
        <set name="address" cascade="all" table="person_address">
            <key column="person_id"></key>
            <many-to-many class="Address" column="address_id"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

测试类：

public void insert() {
        
        Person p = new Person();
        p.setPersonId(1);
        p.setPersonName("newUser");
        Address ad = new Address();
        ad.setAddressId(2);
        ad.setAddressName("here");
        Set<Address> setAd = new HashSet<Address>();
        setAd.add(ad);
         p.setAddress(setAd);
        sf.getCurrentSession().persist(p);
}

以上，便是一般的多对多关系。

情况2：

当需要向中间表写数据时，单纯的多对多已经满足不了了，所以在这里，我们可以将其设成两个一对多的关系，即person表与person_address是一对多关系，address与person_address表也是一对多关系，这样，但可以完成相应的多对多功能了。在情况2中，我们不单单需要对person表与address表写相应的实体类与配置文件，还需要对person_address表写实体类与配置文件。

在第二种情况中，我们又可以分成两种小的情况：

1）中间表新增主键，另有两个字段做为外键对应另外两张表。

2）中间表采用复合主键，同时做为外键分别对应另外两张表。

下面我们分别对两种情况做相应配置。

情况1）中间表新增主键，另有两个字段做为外键对应另外两张表。数据表结构为：

delimiter $$

CREATE TABLE `address` (
  `address_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `address_name` varchar(50) default NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`address_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8$$

delimiter $$

CREATE TABLE `person` (
  `person_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `person_name` varchar(20) default NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`person_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8$$


delimiter $$

CREATE TABLE `person_address` (
  `pa_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `person_id` int(11) default NULL,
  `address_id` int(11) default NULL,
  `pa_describe` varchar(50) default NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`pa_id`),
  KEY `FK23F8B90AAAA29DA8` (`person_id`),
  KEY `FK23F8B90AB52F16EC` (`address_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK23F8B90AB52F16EC` FOREIGN KEY (`address_id`) REFERENCES `address` (`address_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `FK23F8B90AAAA29DA8` FOREIGN KEY (`person_id`) REFERENCES `person` (`person_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8$$

对应的类为：

public class Address {
    
    private int addressId;
    private String addressName;
    private Set<PersonAddress> pa;
    
    public int getAddressId() {
        return addressId;
    }
    public void setAddressId(int addressId) {
        this.addressId = addressId;
    }
    public String getAddressName() {
        return addressName;
    }
    public void setAddressName(String addressName) {
        this.addressName = addressName;
    }
    public Set<PersonAddress> getPa() {
        return pa;
    }
    public void setPa(Set<PersonAddress> pa) {
        this.pa = pa;
    }
    
}


public class Person {
    
    private int personId;
    private String personName;
    private Set<PersonAddress> personAddress;
    
    public int getPersonId() {
        return personId;
    }
    public void setPersonId(int personId) {
        this.personId = personId;
    }
    
    public String getPersonName() {
        return personName;
    }
    public void setPersonName(String personName) {
        this.personName = personName;
    }
    public Set<PersonAddress> getPersonAddress() {
        return personAddress;
    }
    public void setPersonAddress(Set<PersonAddress> personAddress) {
        this.personAddress = personAddress;
    }    
}



public class PersonAddress{

    
    private int paid;
    private String paDescribe;
    private Person person;
    private Address address;
    
    
    public int getPaid() {
        return paid;
    }
    public void setPaid(int paid) {
        this.paid = paid;
    }
    public String getPaDescribe() {
        return paDescribe;
    }
    public void setPaDescribe(String paDescribe) {
        this.paDescribe = paDescribe;
    }
    public Person getPerson() {
        return person;
    }
    public void setPerson(Person person) {
        this.person = person;
    }
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    
}

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.test.web.model">

    <class name="Address" table="address">
        <id name="addressId" type="int" >
            <column name="address_id" length="11"></column> 
        </id>
        <property name="addressName" type="string" >
            <column name="address_name" length="50"></column>
        </property>
        <set name="pa" cascade="all">
            <key column="address_id"></key>
            <one-to-many class="PersonAddress"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.test.web.model">

    <class name="Person" table="person">
        <id name="personId" type="int" >
            <column name="person_id" length="11"></column> 
        </id>
        <property name="personName" type="string" >
            <column name="person_name" length="20"></column>
        </property>
        <set name="personAddress" cascade="all">
            <key column="person_id"></key>
            <one-to-many class="PersonAddress"/>
        </set>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>


<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.test.web.model">

    <class name="PersonAddress" table="person_address">
        <id name="paid" type="int">
            <column name="pa_id" length="11"></column>
        </id>
        <property name="paDescribe" type="string" >
            <column name="pa_describe" length="50"></column>
        </property>
        <many-to-one name="person" class="Person" cascade="all">
            <column name="person_id" length="11" ></column>
        </many-to-one>
        <many-to-one name="address" class="Address" cascade="all">
            <column name="address_id" length="11" ></column>
        </many-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

以上，便完成了相应的配置，进行数据插入时，只需应对相应的保存即可，如：

public void insert() {
        
        Person p = new Person();
        p.setPersonId(1);
        p.setPersonName("newUser");
        Address ad = new Address();
        ad.setAddressId(2);
        ad.setAddressName("here");
        PersonAddress pa = new PersonAddress();
        pa.setPaid(1);
        pa.setPerson(p);
        pa.setAddress(ad);
        pa.setPaDescribe("this is a test");
        sf.getCurrentSession().persist(pa);
}

情况2）中间表采用复合主键，同时做为外键分别对应另外两张表。由于采用复合主键，在hibernate模型中，需要有另一个类来对应，并实现Serializable接口：

public class PersonAddressPK implements Serializable{
    
    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    private int person;
    private int address;
    public int getPerson() {
        return person;
    }
    public void setPerson(int person) {
        this.person = person;
    }
    public int getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(int address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    

}

Person表与address表不变，主要是在person_address表上做修改，如下：

delimiter $$

 

CREATE TABLE `person_address` (

  `person_id` int(11) NOT NULL,

  `address_id` int(11) NOT NULL,

  `pa_describe` varchar(50) default NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY  (`person_id`,`address_id`),

  KEY `FK23F8B90AAAA29DA8` (`person_id`),

  KEY `FK23F8B90AB52F16EC` (`address_id`),

  CONSTRAINT `FK23F8B90AB52F16EC` FOREIGN KEY (`address_id`) REFERENCES `address` (`address_id`),

  CONSTRAINT `FK23F8B90AAAA29DA8` FOREIGN KEY (`person_id`) REFERENCES `person` (`person_id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8$$

相应的类：

public class PersonAddress{

    
    
    private String paDescribe;
    private PersonAddressPK paPK;
    private Person person;
    private Address address;
    
    public String getPaDescribe() {
        return paDescribe;
    }
    public void setPaDescribe(String paDescribe) {
        this.paDescribe = paDescribe;
    }
    public PersonAddressPK getPaPK() {
        return paPK;
    }
    public void setPaPK(PersonAddressPK paPK) {
        this.paPK = paPK;
    }
    public Person getPerson() {
        return person;
    }
    public void setPerson(Person person) {
        this.person = person;
    }
    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
    
    
}

配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.test.web.model">

    <class name="PersonAddress" table="person_address">
        <composite-id class="PersonAddressPK" name="paPK">
            <key-property name="person">
                <column name="person_id" length="11"></column>
            </key-property>
            <key-property name="address">
                <column name="address_id" length="11"></column>
            </key-property>
        </composite-id>
        <property name="paDescribe" type="string" >
            <column name="pa_describe" length="50"></column>
        </property>
        <many-to-one name="person" class="Person" column="person_id" insert="false" update="false"/>  
        <many-to-one name="address" class="Address" column="address_id" insert="false" update="false"/>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

插入的时候，需先保存person与address表，再保存person_address表：

public void insert() {
        
        Person p = new Person();
        p.setPersonId(1);
        p.setPersonName("newUser");
        Address ad = new Address();
        ad.setAddressId(2);
        ad.setAddressName("here");
        sf.getCurrentSession().persist(p);
        sf.getCurrentSession().persist(ad);
        PersonAddress pa = new PersonAddress();
        PersonAddressPK paPK = new PersonAddressPK();
        paPK.setPerson(p.getPersonId());
        paPK.setAddress(ad.getAddressId());
        pa.setPaPK(paPK);
        pa.setPaDescribe("this is a test");
        sf.getCurrentSession().persist(pa);
}

以上，便是hibernate多对多时可采用的几种方法了。

hibernate