python表格存取的方法

本文实例为大家分享了python表格存取的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

xlwt/xlrd库 存Excel文件：（如果存储数据中有字符，那么写法还有点小小的变化）

import xlwt 
 
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8') 
booksheet = workbook.add_sheet('Sheet 1', cell_overwrite_ok=True) 
#存第一行cell(1,1)和cell(1,2) 
booksheet.write(0,0,34) 
booksheet.write(0,1,38) 
#存第二行cell(2,1)和cell(2,2) 
booksheet.write(1,0,36) 
booksheet.write(1,1,39) 
#存一行数据 
rowdata = [43,56] 
for i in range(len(rowdata)): 
  booksheet.write(2,i,rowdata[i]) 
workbook.save('test_xlwt.xls')

读Excel文件：（同样是对于数值类型数据）

import xlrd 
 
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('D:\\Py_exercise\\test_xlwt.xls') 
print(workbook.sheet_names())         #查看所有sheet 
booksheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)     #用索引取第一个sheet 
booksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name('Sheet 1') #或用名称取sheet 
#读单元格数据 
cell_11 = booksheet.cell_value(0,0) 
cell_21 = booksheet.cell_value(1,0) 
#读一行数据 
row_3 = booksheet.row_values(2) 
print(cell_11, cell_21, row_3) 
 
>>>34.0 36.0 [43.0, 56.0]

openpyxl 库 存Excel文件：

from openpyxl import Workbook 
  
workbook = Workbook() 
booksheet = workbook.active   #获取当前活跃的sheet,默认是第一个sheet 
#存第一行单元格cell(1,1) 
booksheet.cell(1,1).value = 6  #这个方法索引从1开始 
booksheet.cell("B1").value = 7 
#存一行数据 
booksheet.append([11,87]) 
workbook.save("test_openpyxl.xlsx")

读Excel文件：

from openpyxl import load_workbook 
  
workbook = load_workbook('D:\\Py_exercise\\test_openpyxl.xlsx') 
#booksheet = workbook.active        #获取当前活跃的sheet,默认是第一个sheet 
sheets = workbook.get_sheet_names()     #从名称获取sheet 
booksheet = workbook.get_sheet_by_name(sheets[0]) 
 
rows = booksheet.rows 
columns = booksheet.columns 
#迭代所有的行 
for row in rows: 
  line = [col.value for col in row] 
 
#通过坐标读取值 
cell_11 = booksheet.cell('A1').value 
cell_11 = booksheet.cell(row=1, column=1).value

原理上其实都一样，就写法上有些差别。

其实如果对存储格式没有要求的话，我觉得存成 csv文件 也挺好的：

import pandas as pd 
 
csv_mat = np.empty((0,2),float) 
csv_mat = np.append(csv_mat, [[43,55]], axis=0) 
csv_mat = np.append(csv_mat, [[65,67]], axis=0) 
csv_pd = pd.DataFrame(csv_mat) 
csv_pd.to_csv("test_pd.csv", sep=',', header=False, index=False)

因为它读起来非常简单：

import pandas as pd 
 
filename = "D:\\Py_exercise\\test_pd.csv" 
csv_data = pd.read_csv(filename, header=None) 
csv_data = np.array(csv_data, dtype=float)