Android入门：封装一个HTTP请求的辅助类
经过自己的研究，封装了一个HTTP的get和post的辅助类，能够更好的使用；
类名：HttpRequestUtil
提供了如下功能：
(1)模拟GET请求；
(2)模拟POST请求；
(3)模拟文件上传请求；
(4)发送XML数据；
发送GET请求
(1)public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
参数：
(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；
(2)params：参数；
(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；
返回：
HttpURLConnection
发送POST请求
(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
参数：
(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；
(2)params：参数；
(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；
返回：
HttpURLConnection
文件上传
(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)
参数：
(1)url：单纯URL
(2)params：参数；
(3)files：多个文件
返回：是否上传成功
(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)
参数：
(1)url：单纯URL
(2)params：参数；
(3)file：一个文件
返回：是否上传成功
发送XML数据
(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)
参数：
(1)url：单纯URL
(2)xml：XML数据
(3)XML数据编码
对于上传文件，FormFile的构造函数声明如下：
(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)
参数：
(1)filname：文件的名称
(2)data：文件的数据
(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字
(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt
(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)
参数：
(1)filname：文件的名称
(2)file：文件名
(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字
(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt
FormFile.java
package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* 上传文件
*/
public class FormFile {
/* 上传文件的数据 */
private byte[] data;
private InputStream inStream;
private File file;
/* 文件名称 */
private String filname;
/* 请求参数名称*/
private String parameterName;
/* 内容类型 */
private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
/**
* 此函数用来传输小文件
* @param filname
* @param data
* @param parameterName
* @param contentType
*/
public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.data = data;
this.filname = filname;
this.parameterName = parameterName;
if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
}
/**
* 此函数用来传输大文件
* @param filname
* @param file
* @param parameterName
* @param contentType
*/
public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.filname = filname;
this.parameterName = parameterName;
this.file = file;
try {
this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
}
public File getFile() {
return file;
}
public InputStream getInStream() {
return inStream;
}
public byte[] getData() {
return data;
}
public String getFilname() {
return filname;
}
public void setFilname(String filname) {
this.filname = filname;
}
public String getParameterName() {
return parameterName;
}
public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
this.parameterName = parameterName;
}
public String getContentType() {
return contentType;
}
public void setContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}
}HttpRequestUtil.java
importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
importjava.io.File;
importjava.io.FileInputStream;
importjava.io.FileNotFoundException;
importjava.io.InputStream;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importjava.io.OutputStream;
importjava.net.HttpURLConnection;
importjava.net.InetAddress;
importjava.net.Socket;
importjava.net.URL;
importjava.net.URLConnection;
importjava.net.URLEncoder;
importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.Map;
importjava.util.Map.Entry;
importjava.util.Set;
/*
*此类用来发送HTTP请求
**/
publicclassHttpRequestUtil{
/**
*发送GET请求
*@paramurl
*@paramparams
*@paramheaders
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicstaticURLConnectionsendGetRequest(Stringurl,
Map<String,String>params,Map<String,String>headers)
throwsException{
StringBuilderbuf=newStringBuilder(url);
Set<Entry<String,String>>entrys=null;
//如果是GET请求，则请求参数在URL中
if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
buf.append("?");
entrys=params.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry<String,String>entry:entrys){
buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),"UTF-8"))
.append("&");
}
buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length()-1);
}
URLurl1=newURL(buf.toString());
HttpURLConnectionconn=(HttpURLConnection)url1.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
//设置请求头
if(headers!=null&&!headers.isEmpty()){
entrys=headers.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry<String,String>entry:entrys){
conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
conn.getResponseCode();
returnconn;
}
/**
*发送POST请求
*@paramurl
*@paramparams
*@paramheaders
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicstaticURLConnectionsendPostRequest(Stringurl,
Map<String,String>params,Map<String,String>headers)
throwsException{
StringBuilderbuf=newStringBuilder();
Set<Entry<String,String>>entrys=null;
//如果存在参数，则放在HTTP请求体，形如name=aaa&age=10
if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
entrys=params.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry<String,String>entry:entrys){
buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),"UTF-8"))
.append("&");
}
buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length()-1);
}
URLurl1=newURL(url);
HttpURLConnectionconn=(HttpURLConnection)url1.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStreamout=conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
if(headers!=null&&!headers.isEmpty()){
entrys=headers.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry<String,String>entry:entrys){
conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
conn.getResponseCode();//为了发送成功
returnconn;
}
/**
*直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
*<FORMMETHOD=POSTACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do"enctype="multipart/form-data">
<INPUTTYPE="text"name="name">
<INPUTTYPE="text"name="id">
<inputtype="file"name="imagefile"/>
<inputtype="file"name="zip"/>
</FORM>
*@parampath上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
*@paramparams请求参数key为参数名,value为参数值
*@paramfile上传文件
*/
publicstaticbooleanuploadFiles(Stringpath,Map<String,String>params,FormFile[]files)throwsException{
finalStringBOUNDARY="---------------------------7da2137580612";//数据分隔线
finalStringendline="--"+BOUNDARY+"--\r\n";//数据结束标志
intfileDataLength=0;
if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
for(FormFileuploadFile:files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
StringBuilderfileExplain=newStringBuilder();
fileExplain.append("--");
fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
fileExplain.append("\r\n");
fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\""+uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+uploadFile.getFilname()+"\"\r\n");
fileExplain.append("Content-Type:"+uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
fileExplain.append("\r\n");
fileDataLength+=fileExplain.length();
if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
fileDataLength+=uploadFile.getFile().length();
}else{
fileDataLength+=uploadFile.getData().length;
}
}
}
StringBuildertextEntity=newStringBuilder();
if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
for(Map.Entry<String,String>entry:params.entrySet()){//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
textEntity.append("--");
textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
textEntity.append("\r\n");
textEntity.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\""+entry.getKey()+"\"\r\n\r\n");
textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
textEntity.append("\r\n");
}
}
//计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
intdataLength=textEntity.toString().getBytes().length+fileDataLength+endline.getBytes().length;
URLurl=newURL(path);
intport=url.getPort()==-1?80:url.getPort();
Socketsocket=newSocket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()),port);
OutputStreamoutStream=socket.getOutputStream();
//下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
Stringrequestmethod="POST"+url.getPath()+"HTTP/1.1\r\n";
outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
Stringaccept="Accept:image/gif,image/jpeg,image/pjpeg,image/pjpeg,application/x-shockwave-flash,application/xaml+xml,application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument,application/x-ms-xbap,application/x-ms-application,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/vnd.ms-powerpoint,application/msword,*/*\r\n";
outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
Stringlanguage="Accept-Language:zh-CN\r\n";
outStream.write(language.getBytes());
Stringcontenttype="Content-Type:multipart/form-data;boundary="+BOUNDARY+"\r\n";
outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
Stringcontentlength="Content-Length:"+dataLength+"\r\n";
outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
Stringalive="Connection:Keep-Alive\r\n";
outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
Stringhost="Host:"+url.getHost()+":"+port+"\r\n";
outStream.write(host.getBytes());
//写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
//把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
//把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
for(FormFileuploadFile:files){
StringBuilderfileEntity=newStringBuilder();
fileEntity.append("--");
fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
fileEntity.append("\r\n");
fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\""+uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+uploadFile.getFilname()+"\"\r\n");
fileEntity.append("Content-Type:"+uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
byte[]buffer=newbyte[1024];
intlen=0;
while((len=uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer,0,1024))!=-1){
outStream.write(buffer,0,len);
}
uploadFile.getInStream().close();
}else{
outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(),0,uploadFile.getData().length);
}
outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
}
}
//下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
BufferedReaderreader=newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
returnfalse;
}
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
reader.close();
socket.close();
returntrue;
}
/**
*提交数据到服务器
*@parampath上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
*@paramparams请求参数key为参数名,value为参数值
*@paramfile上传文件
*/
publicstaticbooleanuploadFile(Stringpath,Map<String,String>params,FormFilefile)throwsException{
returnuploadFiles(path,params,newFormFile[]{file});
}
/**
*将输入流转为字节数组
*@paraminStream
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicstaticbyte[]read2Byte(InputStreaminStream)throwsException{
ByteArrayOutputStreamoutSteam=newByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[]buffer=newbyte[1024];
intlen=0;
while((len=inStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
outSteam.write(buffer,0,len);
}
outSteam.close();
inStream.close();
returnoutSteam.toByteArray();
}
/**
*将输入流转为字符串
*@paraminStream
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicstaticStringread2String(InputStreaminStream)throwsException{
ByteArrayOutputStreamoutSteam=newByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[]buffer=newbyte[1024];
intlen=0;
while((len=inStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
outSteam.write(buffer,0,len);
}
outSteam.close();
inStream.close();
returnnewString(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");
}
/**
*发送xml数据
*@parampath请求地址
*@paramxmlxml数据
*@paramencoding编码
*@return
*@throwsException
*/
publicstaticbyte[]postXml(Stringpath,Stringxml,Stringencoding)throwsException{
byte[]data=xml.getBytes(encoding);
URLurl=newURL(path);
HttpURLConnectionconn=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/xml;charset="+encoding);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",String.valueOf(data.length));
conn.setConnectTimeout(5*1000);
OutputStreamoutStream=conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(data);
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
returnread2Byte(conn.getInputStream());
}
returnnull;
}
//测试函数
publicstaticvoidmain(Stringargs[])throwsException{
Map<String,String>params=newHashMap<String,String>();
params.put("name","xiazdong");
params.put("age","10");
HttpURLConnectionconn=(HttpURLConnection)HttpRequestUtil
.sendGetRequest(
"http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet",
params,null);
intcode=conn.getResponseCode();
InputStreamin=conn.getInputStream();
byte[]data=read2Byte(in);
}
}
测试代码：
Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();
params.put("name", name.getText().toString());
params.put("age", age.getText().toString());
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil.sendGetRequest("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params, null);文件上传测试代码：
FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");
boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);