C# Socket通信简单实例

一、套接字（socket）概念

       套接字（socket）是通信的基石，是支持TCP/IP协议的网络通信的基本操作单元。它是网络通信过程中端点的抽象表示，包含进行网络通信必须的五种信息：连接使用的协议，本地主机的IP地址，本地进程的协议端口，远地主机的IP地址，远地进程的协议端口。
　　应用层通过传输层进行数据通信时，TCP会遇到同时为多个应用程序进程提供并发服务的问题。多个TCP连接或多个应用程序进程可能需要通过同一个 TCP协议端口传输数据。为了区别不同的应用程序进程和连接，许多计算机操作系统为应用程序与TCP／IP协议交互提供了套接字(Socket)接口。应 用层可以和传输层通过Socket接口，区分来自不同应用程序进程或网络连接的通信，实现数据传输的并发服务。

二、建立socket连接

       建立Socket连接至少需要一对套接字，其中一个运行于客户端，称为ClientSocket ，另一个运行于服务器端，称为ServerSocket 。
　　套接字之间的连接过程分为三个步骤：服务器监听，客户端请求，连接确认。

1. 1. 服务器监听：服务器端套接字并不定位具体的客户端套接字，而是处于等待连接的状态，实时监控网络状态，等待客户端的连接请求 
   2. 客户端请求：指客户端的套接字提出连接请求，要连接的目标是服务器端的套接字。为此，客户端的套接字必须首先描述它要连接的服务器的套接字，指出服务器端套接字的地址和端口号，然后就向服务器端套接字提出连接请求。
   3. 连接确认：当服务器端套接字监听到或者说接收到客户端套接字的连接请求时，就响应客户端套接字的请求，建立一个新的线程，把服务器端套接字的描述发给客户 端，一旦客户端确认了此描述，双方就正式建立连接。而服务器端套接字继续处于监听状态，继续接收其他客户端套接字的连接请求。

服务端前台XMAL

<Window x:Class="Socket通信.MainWindow"
         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
         xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
         xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
         xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Socket通信"
         mc:Ignorable="d"
         Title="服务端" Height="350" Width="525" Loaded="Window_Loaded" >
     <Grid>
         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
             <RowDefinition Height="50*"/>
             <RowDefinition Height="190*"/>
             <RowDefinition Height="81*"/>
         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
         <Grid Grid.Row="0">
             <WrapPanel VerticalAlignment="Center">
                 <Label Padding="5">IP:</Label>
                 <TextBox Padding="3" Width="150" Name="IP"></TextBox>
                 <Label Padding="5">Port:</Label>
                 <TextBox Padding="3" Width="100" Name="Port"></TextBox>
                 <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Start_View_Click">开始监听</Button>
                 <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Stop_Click">停止监听</Button>
             </WrapPanel>
         </Grid>
         <Grid Grid.Row="1">
             <ListBox Name="ListConnet"></ListBox>
         </Grid>
         <Grid Grid.Row="2">
             <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                 <ColumnDefinition Width="405*"/>
                 <ColumnDefinition Width="113*"/>
             </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            
                 <TextBox Name="SentConnet"></TextBox>
                 <Button Grid.Column="1" Click="Send_Click">发送</Button>
          
         </Grid>
     </Grid>
 </Window>

服务端后台代码

using System;
 using System.Net;
 using System.Net.Sockets;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Windows;

 

namespace Socket通信
{
     /// <summary>
     /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
     public partial class MainWindow : Window
     {
         public MainWindow()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
         }
         Socket socketSend;
         private void Start_View_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             try
              {
                 //点击开始监听时 在服务端创建一个负责监听IP和端口号的Socket
                  Socket socketWatch = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                  IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Any;                //创建对象端口
                 IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, Convert.ToInt32(Port.Text));
                  socketWatch.Bind(point);//绑定端口号
                 ShowMsg("监听成功!");
                  socketWatch.Listen(10);//设置监听
                 //创建监听线程
                  Thread thread = new Thread(Listen);
                   thread.IsBackground = true;
                   thread.Start(socketWatch);
             }
              catch { }

 

        }
  
         void Listen(object o)
          {
               try
               {
                  Socket socketWatch = o as Socket;
                   while (true)
                   {
                      socketSend = socketWatch.Accept();//等待接收客户端连接
                     ShowMsg(socketSend.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + ":" + "连接成功!");
                     //开启一个新线程，执行接收消息方法
                     Thread r_thread = new Thread(Received);
                      r_thread.IsBackground = true;
                      r_thread.Start(socketSend);
                  }
              }
              catch { }
         }

 

         /// <summary>
           /// 服务器端不停的接收客户端发来的消息
          /// </summary>
           /// <param name="o"></param>
           void Received(object o)
           {
              try
              {
                   Socket socketSend = o as Socket;
                  while (true)
                   {
                       //客户端连接服务器成功后，服务器接收客户端发送的消息
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
                       //实际接收到的有效字节数
                      int len = socketSend.Receive(buffer);
                       if (len == 0)
                       {
                           break;
                       }
                       string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, len);
                       ShowMsg("接收到的客户端数据：" + socketSend.RemoteEndPoint + ":" + str);
                   }
               }
               catch { }
           }
           /// <summary>
           /// 服务器向客户端发送消息
          /// </summary>
           /// <param name="str"></param>
           void Send(string str)
              {
                  byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
                  socketSend.Send(buffer);
              }
  
          void ShowMsg(string msg)
          {
             Dispatcher.Invoke(() => { ListConnet.Items.Add(msg + "\r\n"); });
          }

 

        private void Send_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
             Send(SentConnet.Text.Trim());
         }

        private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
         }
         private void Stop_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             socketSend.Close();
             ShowMsg("已经停止监听!");
         }
     }
 }

客户端前台XMAL

<Window x:Class="Socket_Client.MainWindow"
         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
         xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
         xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
         xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Socket_Client"
         mc:Ignorable="d"
         Title="客户端" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Grid>
         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
             <RowDefinition Height="50*"/>
             <RowDefinition Height="190*"/>
             <RowDefinition Height="81*"/>
         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
         <Grid Grid.Row="0">
             <WrapPanel VerticalAlignment="Center">
                 <Label Padding="5">IP:</Label>
                 <TextBox Padding="3" Width="150" Name="IP"></TextBox>
                 <Label Padding="5">Port:</Label>
                 <TextBox Padding="3" Width="100" Name="Port"></TextBox>
                 <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Start_View_Click">连接</Button>
                 <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Stop_Click">断开连接</Button>
             </WrapPanel>
         </Grid>
         <Grid Grid.Row="1">
             <TextBox Name="ListConnet"></TextBox>
         </Grid>
         <Grid Grid.Row="2">
             <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                 <ColumnDefinition Width="405*"/>
                 <ColumnDefinition Width="113*"/>
             </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

 

            <TextBox Name="SentConnet"></TextBox>
             <Button Grid.Column="1" Click="Send_Click">发送</Button>

        </Grid>
     </Grid>
 </Window>

客户端后台代码

using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Net;
 using System.Net.Sockets;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using System.Windows;
 using System.Windows.Controls;
 using System.Windows.Data;
 using System.Windows.Documents;
 using System.Windows.Input;
 using System.Windows.Media;
 using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
 using System.Windows.Navigation;
 using System.Windows.Shapes;

 

namespace Socket_Client
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
     public partial class MainWindow : Window
     {
         public MainWindow()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
         }
         Socket socketSend;

 

        private void Start_View_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             try
               {
                                 //创建客户端Socket，获得远程ip和端口号
                    socketSend = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
                     IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(IP.Text);
                     IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, Convert.ToInt32(Port.Text));
                
                     socketSend.Connect(point);
                     ShowMsg("连接成功!");
                                  //开启新的线程，不停的接收服务器发来的消息
                    Thread c_thread = new Thread(Received);
                     c_thread.IsBackground = true;
                     c_thread.Start();
                }
              catch (Exception)
             {
                ShowMsg("IP或者端口号错误...");
             }
            

 

        }
         void ShowMsg(string str)
          {

 

            Dispatcher.Invoke(() => { ListConnet.AppendText(str + "\r\n"); });
         }
         /// <summary>
          /// 接收服务端返回的消息
         /// </summary>
         void Received()
         {
             while (true)
             {
               try
               {
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
                    //实际接收到的有效字节数
                    int len = socketSend.Receive(buffer);
                    if (len == 0)
                    {
                        continue;
                      }
                     string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, len);
                     ShowMsg("接收到的服务端数据：" + socketSend.RemoteEndPoint + ":" + str);
                 }
                 catch
                 {

 

                }
            }
         }

 

        private void Send_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             try
             {
                      string msg = SentConnet.Text.Trim();
                      byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
                      buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
                      socketSend.Send(buffer);
               }
             catch { }

 

        }

        private void Stop_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             socketSend.Close();
             ShowMsg("连接已经断开!");
         }
     }
 }

转：https://www.cnblogs.com/TechnologyDictionary/archive/2019/02/22/10423068.html