centos5.5 快速安装mysql
安装MySQL。
[root@sample ~]# yum -y install mysql-server ← 安装MySQL[root@sample ~]# yum -y install php-mysql ← 安装php-mysql
配置MySQL
[root@sample ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf ← 编辑MySQL的配置文件
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#Defaulttousingoldpasswordformatforcompatibilitywithmysql3.x
#clients(thoseusingthemysqlclient10compatibilitypackage).
old_passwords=1 ←找到这一行，在这一行的下面添加新的规则，让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8
default-character-set = utf8 ← 添加这一行然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句：
[mysql]default-character-set = utf8
启动MySQL服务
[root@sample ~]# chkconfig mysqld on ← 设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动
[root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld ← 确认MySQL自启动 mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ← 如果2--5为on的状态就OK
[root@sample ~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start ← 启动MySQL服务
Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]
StartingMySQL: [OK]
MySQL初始环境设定[1]为MySQL的root用户设置密码
MySQL在刚刚被安装的时候，它的root用户是没有被设置密码的。首先来设置MySQL的root密码。
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ← 用root用户登录MySQL服务器
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
|user|host |password |
+------+------------------------------+---------------+
|root|localhost | | ←root密码为空
|root|sample.centospub.com | | ←root密码为空
| |sample.centospub.com| |
| |localhost | |
|root |%|XXX |
| | | |
+------+------------------------------+---------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set password for root@'sample.centospub.com'=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)只有设置了这个才可以，才可以通过数据库来安装网址
mysql>setpasswordforroot@'xxx'=password('xxx'); ←设置root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
|user|host |password |
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
|root|localhost |19b68057189b027f| ←root密码被设置
|root|sample.centospub.com |19b68057189b027f| ←root密码被设置
| |sample.centospub.com | |
| |localhost | |
+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye
然后，测试一下root密码有没有生效。
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ← 通过空密码用root登录
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com ← 通过空密码用root登录
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功
[root@sample ~]#mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录Your MySQL connection id is 5 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> exitBye
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com -p ← 通过密码用root登录Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录Your MySQL connection id is 6 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye
[2] 删除匿名用户
在MySQL刚刚被安装后，存在用户名、密码为空的用户。这使得数据库服务器有无需密码被登录的可能性。为消除隐患，将匿名用户删除。
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 7 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
+------+----------------------------+
|user|host |
+------+----------------------------+
| |localhost |
|root|localhost |
| |sample.centospub.com|
|root|sample.centospub.com |
+------+----------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.02 sec)mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=''; ← 删除匿名用户Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
+------+----------------------------+
|user|host |
+------+----------------------------+
|root|localhost |
|root|sample.centospub.com|
+------+----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye
好了，下面都不是必须的了！测试MySQL
[root@sample~]#mysql-uroot-p ←通过密码用root登录
Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 9 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> grant all privileges on test.* to centospub@localhost identified by '在这里定义密码'; ← 建立对test数据库有完全操
作权限的名为centospub的用户Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ← 确认centospub用户的存在与否
+---------+
|user |
+---------+
|centospub| ←确认centospub已经被建立
+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u centospub -p ← 用新建立的centospub用户登录MySQL服务器Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 10 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> create database test; ← 建立名为test的数据库Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases; ← 查看系统已存在的数据库
+-------------+
|Database|
+-------------+
|test |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> use test ← 连接到数据库Database changed
mysql> create table test(num int, name varchar(50)); ← 在数据库中建立表Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show tables; ← 查看数据库中已存在的表
+-------------------+
|Tables_in_test|
+-------------------+
|test |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)mysql> insert into test values(1,'Hello World!'); ← 插入一个值到表中Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的表的信息
+------+-------------------+
|num|name |
+------+-------------------+
|1 |HelloWorld! |
+------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> update test set name='Hello Everyone!'; ← 更新表的信息，赋予新的值
QueryOK,1rowaffected(0.00sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的表的信息
+------+----------------------+
|num|name |
+------+----------------------+
|1 |HelloEveryone!| ←确认被更新到新的值
+------+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)mysql> delete from test where num=1; ← 删除表内的值Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test; ← 确认删除结果Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> drop table test; ← 删除表Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show tables; ← 查看表信息Empty set (0.00 sec) ← 确认表已被删除
mysql> drop database test; ← 删除名为test的数据库Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases; ← 查看已存在的数据库Empty set (0.01 sec) ← 确认test数据库已被删除（这里非root用户的关系，看不到名为mysql的数据库）
mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器Bye
然后，删除测试用过的遗留用户。
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 12 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> revoke all privileges on *.* from centospub@localhost; ← 取消centospub用户对数据库的操作权限Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='centospub' and host='localhost'; ← 删除centospub用户Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ← 查找用户centospub，确认已删除与否Empty set (0.01 sec) ← 确认centospub用户已不存在
mysql> flush privileges; ← 刷新，使以上操作生效Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exitBye
[root@sample ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart ← 重新启动HTTP服务
Stoppinghttpd: [OK]
Startinghttpd: [OK]