【Linux】1 创建目录：mkdir
mkdir命令用于创建目录，如同一路径下创建单个或多个目录、递归创建目录，但同路径下不能创建同名目录，且目录名区分大小写。
【命令】
mkdir
【用途】
创建目录（单个目录/多个目录）
【语法】
mkdir [选项]...目录名...
【示例】
切换到当前目录：/usr/local/linuxStudy，所有示例在此路径下操作。
[ linuxStudy]# pwd /usr/local/linuxStudy
例1.创建单个目录dir1
[ linuxStudy]# mkdir dir1 [ linuxStudy]# ls dir1
例2.一次创建多个目录：dir2，dir3
[ linuxStudy]# mkdir dir2 dir3 [ linuxStudy]# ls dir1 dir2 dir3
例3.同路径下创建同名目录：dir1-->创建失败，同路径下不能创建同名目录
[ linuxStudy]# mkdir dir1 mkdir: cannot create directory `dir1‘: File exists
例4.-p参数，创建多层目录dir4/dir5（dir4目录不存在时，同时创建dir4、dir5目录；dir4目录存在时，则只创建dir5目录）
[ linuxStudy]# mkdir dir4/dir5 #未加-p参数，上层目录不存在时，创建目录失败 mkdir: cannot create directory `dir4/dir5‘: No such file or directory [ linuxStudy]# mkdir -p dir4/dir5 #-p：上层目录不存在时，同步创建 [ linuxStudy]# ls -R #-R：递归列出当前目录下所有的目录、文件 .: dir1 dir2 dir3 dir4 ./dir1: ./dir2: ./dir3: ./dir4: dir5 ./dir4/dir5: [ linuxStudy]#
例5：-v参数，对于每个创建的目录，打印一条信息
[ linuxStudy]# mkdir -v dir6 mkdir: created directory `dir6‘ [ linuxStudy]# mkdir -v dir7 dir8 mkdir: created directory `dir7‘ mkdir: created directory `dir8‘
例6.-m参数，创建目录的同时设置文件权限（同chmod命令）
[ linuxStudy]# mkdir -m o-rw dir10 #创建dir10目录，other用户去掉rw权限 [ linuxStudy]# ll total 36 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir1 drwxrwx--x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:08 dir10 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir3 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 9 14:52 dir4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir6 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir7 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir8 drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:07 dir9 [ linuxStudy]# mkdir -m 511 dir11 #创建dir11目录，设置user、group、other用户权限分别为5、1、1（读权限4，写权限2，执行权限1，用户具备多种权限时值相加） [ linuxStudy]# ll total 40 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir1 drwxrwx--x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:08 dir10 dr-x--x--x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:09 dir11 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 14:47 dir3 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 9 14:52 dir4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir6 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir7 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:02 dir8 drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 May 9 15:07 dir9
【帮助文档】
Linux环境下输入 man mkdir，查看find命令的帮助文档（ps：英文渣渣咬咬牙啃一啃帮助文档。不要偷懒，多看官方文档。注释部分为个人添加。）
[ local]# man mkdir
MKDIR(1) User Commands MKDIR(1)
NAME
mkdir - make directories #创建目录
SYNOPSIS
mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
DESCRIPTION
Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist. #目录已存在时，创建目录失败
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-m, --mode=MODE
set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx - umask #设置文件权限，而不是默认权限a=rwx
-p, --parents
no error if existing, make parent directories as needed #父目录不存在时，创建所需的父目录
-v, --verbose
print a message for each created directory #对每一个创建的目录打印1条信息
-Z, --context=CTX
set the SELinux security context of each created directory to CTX
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
AUTHOR
Written by David MacKenzie.
REPORTING BUGS
Report mkdir bugs to bug-
GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report mkdir translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permit-
ted by law.
SEE ALSO
mkdir(2)
The full documentation for mkdir is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and mkdir programs are prop-
erly installed at your site, the command
info coreutils ‘mkdir invocation‘
should give you access to the complete manual.
GNU coreutils 8.4 November 2013 MKDIR(1)
(END)【写在末尾】
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