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我使用过的Linux命令之perror-解释错误代码

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我使用过的Linux命令之perror-解释错误代码

用途说明

perror命令是MySQL数据库系统中的一个工具程序，它用于打印C语言中errno错误代码的含义、也可以打印MySQL中存储引擎错误代码的含义。（perrorprintsadescriptionforasystemerrorcodeorforastorageengine(tablehandler)errorcode.）

由于perror是MySQL中的一个工具程序，在没有安装MySQL的机器上就无法执行，本文的示例四将给出大致的源代码供大家参考。

常用参数

格式：perror<errno>

打印系统错误代码errno值的含义。

格式：perror<Errcode>

打印MySQL数据库系统中定义的错误代码的含义。

格式：perror<err1><err2>...

打印多个错误代码的含义。

manperror写道

Formostsystemerrors,MySQLdisplays,inadditiontoaninternaltextmessage,thesystemerrorcodeinone

ofthefollowingstyles:

message...(errno:#)

message...(Errcode:#)

Linux操作系统中定义的errno值如下所示。

errno.h写道

#defineEPERM1/*Operationnotpermitted*/

#defineENOENT2/*Nosuchfileordirectory*/

#defineESRCH3/*Nosuchprocess*/

#defineEINTR4/*Interruptedsystemcall*/

#defineEIO5/*I/Oerror*/

#defineENXIO6/*Nosuchdeviceoraddress*/

#defineE2BIG7/*Arglisttoolong*/

#defineENOEXEC8/*Execformaterror*/

#defineEBADF9/*Badfilenumber*/

#defineECHILD10/*Nochildprocesses*/

#defineEAGAIN11/*Tryagain*/

#defineENOMEM12/*Outofmemory*/

#defineEACCES13/*Permissiondenied*/

#defineEFAULT14/*Badaddress*/

#defineENOTBLK15/*Blockdevicerequired*/

#defineEBUSY16/*Deviceorresourcebusy*/

#defineEEXIST17/*Fileexists*/

#defineEXDEV18/*Cross-devicelink*/

#defineENODEV19/*Nosuchdevice*/

#defineENOTDIR20/*Notadirectory*/

#defineEISDIR21/*Isadirectory*/

#defineEINVAL22/*Invalidargument*/

#defineENFILE23/*Filetableoverflow*/

#defineEMFILE24/*Toomanyopenfiles*/

#defineENOTTY25/*Notatypewriter*/

#defineETXTBSY26/*Textfilebusy*/

#defineEFBIG27/*Filetoolarge*/

#defineENOSPC28/*Nospaceleftondevice*/

#defineESPIPE29/*Illegalseek*/

#defineEROFS30/*Read-onlyfilesystem*/

#defineEMLINK31/*Toomanylinks*/

#defineEPIPE32/*Brokenpipe*/

#defineEDOM33/*Mathargumentoutofdomainoffunc*/

#defineERANGE34/*Mathresultnotrepresentable*/

#defineEDEADLK35/*Resourcedeadlockwouldoccur*/

#defineENAMETOOLONG36/*Filenametoolong*/

#defineENOLCK37/*Norecordlocksavailable*/

#defineENOSYS38/*Functionnotimplemented*/

#defineENOTEMPTY39/*Directorynotempty*/

#defineELOOP40/*Toomanysymboliclinksencountered*/

#defineEWOULDBLOCKEAGAIN/*Operationwouldblock*/

#defineENOMSG42/*Nomessageofdesiredtype*/

#defineEIDRM43/*Identifierremoved*/

#defineECHRNG44/*Channelnumberoutofrange*/

#defineEL2NSYNC45/*Level2notsynchronized*/

#defineEL3HLT46/*Level3halted*/

#defineEL3RST47/*Level3reset*/

#defineELNRNG48/*Linknumberoutofrange*/

#defineEUNATCH49/*Protocoldrivernotattached*/

#defineENOCSI50/*NoCSIstructureavailable*/

#defineEL2HLT51/*Level2halted*/

#defineEBADE52/*Invalidexchange*/

#defineEBADR53/*Invalidrequestdescriptor*/

#defineEXFULL54/*Exchangefull*/

#defineENOANO55/*Noanode*/

#defineEBADRQC56/*Invalidrequestcode*/

#defineEBADSLT57/*Invalidslot*/

#defineEDEADLOCKEDEADLK

#defineEBFONT59/*Badfontfileformat*/

#defineENOSTR60/*Devicenotastream*/

#defineENODATA61/*Nodataavailable*/

#defineETIME62/*Timerexpired*/

#defineENOSR63/*Outofstreamsresources*/

#defineENONET64/*Machineisnotonthenetwork*/

#defineENOPKG65/*Packagenotinstalled*/

#defineEREMOTE66/*Objectisremote*/

#defineENOLINK67/*Linkhasbeensevered*/

#defineEADV68/*Advertiseerror*/

#defineESRMNT69/*Srmounterror*/

#defineECOMM70/*Communicationerroronsend*/

#defineEPROTO71/*Protocolerror*/

#defineEMULTIHOP72/*Multihopattempted*/

#defineEDOTDOT73/*RFSspecificerror*/

#defineEBADMSG74/*Notadatamessage*/

#defineEOVERFLOW75/*Valuetoolargefordefineddatatype*/

#defineENOTUNIQ76/*Namenotuniqueonnetwork*/

#defineEBADFD77/*Filedescriptorinbadstate*/

#defineEREMCHG78/*Remoteaddresschanged*/

#defineELIBACC79/*Cannotaccessaneededsharedlibrary*/

#defineELIBBAD80/*Accessingacorruptedsharedlibrary*/

#defineELIBSCN81/*.libsectionina.outcorrupted*/

#defineELIBMAX82/*Attemptingtolinkintoomanysharedlibraries*/

#defineELIBEXEC83/*Cannotexecasharedlibrarydirectly*/

#defineEILSEQ84/*Illegalbytesequence*/

#defineERESTART85/*Interruptedsystemcallshouldberestarted*/

#defineESTRPIPE86/*Streamspipeerror*/

#defineEUSERS87/*Toomanyusers*/

#defineENOTSOCK88/*Socketoperationonnon-socket*/

#defineEDESTADDRREQ89/*Destinationaddressrequired*/

#defineEMSGSIZE90/*Messagetoolong*/

#defineEPROTOTYPE91/*Protocolwrongtypeforsocket*/

#defineENOPROTOOPT92/*Protocolnotavailable*/

#defineEPROTONOSUPPORT93/*Protocolnotsupported*/

#defineESOCKTNOSUPPORT94/*Sockettypenotsupported*/

#defineEOPNOTSUPP95/*Operationnotsupportedontransportendpoint*/

#defineEPFNOSUPPORT96/*Protocolfamilynotsupported*/

#defineEAFNOSUPPORT97/*Addressfamilynotsupportedbyprotocol*/

#defineEADDRINUSE98/*Addressalreadyinuse*/

#defineEADDRNOTAVAIL99/*Cannotassignrequestedaddress*/

#defineENETDOWN100/*Networkisdown*/

#defineENETUNREACH101/*Networkisunreachable*/

#defineENETRESET102/*Networkdroppedconnectionbecauseofreset*/

#defineECONNABORTED103/*Softwarecausedconnectionabort*/

#defineECONNRESET104/*Connectionresetbypeer*/

#defineENOBUFS105/*Nobufferspaceavailable*/

#defineEISCONN106/*Transportendpointisalreadyconnected*/

#defineENOTCONN107/*Transportendpointisnotconnected*/

#defineESHUTDOWN108/*Cannotsendaftertransportendpointshutdown*/

#defineETOOMANYREFS109/*Toomanyreferences:cannotsplice*/

#defineETIMEDOUT110/*Connectiontimedout*/

#defineECONNREFUSED111/*Connectionrefused*/

#defineEHOSTDOWN112/*Hostisdown*/

#defineEHOSTUNREACH113/*Noroutetohost*/

#defineEALREADY114/*Operationalreadyinprogress*/

#defineEINPROGRESS115/*Operationnowinprogress*/

#defineESTALE116/*StaleNFSfilehandle*/

#defineEUCLEAN117/*Structureneedscleaning*/

#defineENOTNAM118/*NotaXENIXnamedtypefile*/

#defineENAVAIL119/*NoXENIXsemaphoresavailable*/

#defineEISNAM120/*Isanamedtypefile*/

#defineEREMOTEIO121/*RemoteI/Oerror*/

#defineEDQUOT122/*Quotaexceeded*/

#defineENOMEDIUM123/*Nomediumfound*/

#defineEMEDIUMTYPE124/*Wrongmediumtype*/

使用示例

示例一打印错误代码的含义

[root@jfht~]#perror1

OSerrorcode1:Operationnotpermitted

#defineEPERM1/*Operationnotpermitted*/

[root@jfht~]#perror1364

OSerrorcode13:Permissiondenied

OSerrorcode64:Machineisnotonthenetwork

#defineEACCES13/*Permissiondenied*/

#defineENONET64/*Machineisnotonthenetwork*/

[root@jfht~]#

补充一个：既是操作系统errno，也是MySQL错误代码的。

[root@jfht~]#perror121

OSerrorcode121:RemoteI/Oerror

MySQLerrorcode121:Duplicatekeyonwriteorupdate

示例二打印不存在的错误代码的含义

要注意的是，perror似乎并不能打印SQL执行时所报的错误代码的含义。

mysql>select;

ERROR1064(42000):YouhaveanerrorinyourSQLsyntax;checkthemanualthatcorrespondstoyourMySQLserverversion

fortherightsyntaxtousenear''atline1、

[root@jfht~]#perror42000

Illegalerrorcode:42000

[root@jfht~]#perror1064

Illegalerrorcode:1064

[root@jfht~]#

示例三枚举所有错误代码

[root@jfht~]#foriin$(seq110000);doperror$i;done>10000.txt2>/dev/null

[root@jfht~]#cat10000.txt

OSerrorcode1:Operationnotpermitted

OSerrorcode2:Nosuchfileordirectory

OSerrorcode3:Nosuchprocess

OSerrorcode4:Interruptedsystemcall

OSerrorcode5:Input/outputerror

OSerrorcode6:Nosuchdeviceoraddress

OSerrorcode7:Argumentlisttoolong

OSerrorcode8:Execformaterror

OSerrorcode9:Badfiledescriptor

OSerrorcode10:Nochildprocesses

OSerrorcode11:Resourcetemporarilyunavailable

OSerrorcode12:Cannotallocatememory

OSerrorcode13:Permissiondenied

OSerrorcode14:Badaddress

OSerrorcode15:Blockdevicerequired

OSerrorcode16:Deviceorresourcebusy

OSerrorcode17:Fileexists

OSerrorcode18:Invalidcross-devicelink

OSerrorcode19:Nosuchdevice

OSerrorcode20:Notadirectory

OSerrorcode21:Isadirectory

OSerrorcode22:Invalidargument

OSerrorcode23:Toomanyopenfilesinsystem

OSerrorcode24:Toomanyopenfiles

OSerrorcode25:Inappropriateioctlfordevice

OSerrorcode26:Textfilebusy

OSerrorcode27:Filetoolarge

OSerrorcode28:Nospaceleftondevice

OSerrorcode29:Illegalseek

OSerrorcode30:Read-onlyfilesystem

OSerrorcode31:Toomanylinks

OSerrorcode32:Brokenpipe

OSerrorcode33:Numericalargumentoutofdomain

OSerrorcode34:Numericalresultoutofrange

OSerrorcode35:Resourcedeadlockavoided

OSerrorcode36:Filenametoolong

OSerrorcode37:Nolocksavailable

OSerrorcode38:Functionnotimplemented

OSerrorcode39:Directorynotempty

OSerrorcode40:Toomanylevelsofsymboliclinks

OSerrorcode42:Nomessageofdesiredtype

OSerrorcode43:Identifierremoved

OSerrorcode44:Channelnumberoutofrange

OSerrorcode45:Level2notsynchronized

OSerrorcode46:Level3halted

OSerrorcode47:Level3reset

OSerrorcode48:Linknumberoutofrange

OSerrorcode49:Protocoldrivernotattached

OSerrorcode50:NoCSIstructureavailable

OSerrorcode51:Level2halted

OSerrorcode52:Invalidexchange

OSerrorcode53:Invalidrequestdescriptor

OSerrorcode54:Exchangefull

OSerrorcode55:Noanode

OSerrorcode56:Invalidrequestcode

OSerrorcode57:Invalidslot

OSerrorcode59:Badfontfileformat

OSerrorcode60:Devicenotastream

OSerrorcode61:Nodataavailable

OSerrorcode62:Timerexpired

OSerrorcode63:Outofstreamsresources

OSerrorcode64:Machineisnotonthenetwork

OSerrorcode65:Packagenotinstalled

OSerrorcode66:Objectisremote

OSerrorcode67:Linkhasbeensevered

OSerrorcode68:Advertiseerror

OSerrorcode69:Srmounterror

OSerrorcode70:Communicationerroronsend

OSerrorcode71:Protocolerror

OSerrorcode72:Multihopattempted

OSerrorcode73:RFSspecificerror

OSerrorcode74:Badmessage

OSerrorcode75:Valuetoolargefordefineddatatype

OSerrorcode76:Namenotuniqueonnetwork

OSerrorcode77:Filedescriptorinbadstate

OSerrorcode78:Remoteaddresschanged

OSerrorcode79:Cannotaccessaneededsharedlibrary

OSerrorcode80:Accessingacorruptedsharedlibrary

OSerrorcode81:.libsectionina.outcorrupted

OSerrorcode82:Attemptingtolinkintoomanysharedlibraries

OSerrorcode83:Cannotexecasharedlibrarydirectly

OSerrorcode84:Invalidorincompletemultibyteorwidecharacter

OSerrorcode85:Interruptedsystemcallshouldberestarted

OSerrorcode86:Streamspipeerror

OSerrorcode87:Toomanyusers

OSerrorcode88:Socketoperationonnon-socket

OSerrorcode89:Destinationaddressrequired

OSerrorcode90:Messagetoolong

OSerrorcode91:Protocolwrongtypeforsocket

OSerrorcode92:Protocolnotavailable

OSerrorcode93:Protocolnotsupported

OSerrorcode94:Sockettypenotsupported

OSerrorcode95:Operationnotsupported

OSerrorcode96:Protocolfamilynotsupported

OSerrorcode97:Addressfamilynotsupportedbyprotocol

OSerrorcode98:Addressalreadyinuse

OSerrorcode99:Cannotassignrequestedaddress

OSerrorcode100:Networkisdown

OSerrorcode101:Networkisunreachable

OSerrorcode102:Networkdroppedconnectiononreset

OSerrorcode103:Softwarecausedconnectionabort

OSerrorcode104:Connectionresetbypeer

OSerrorcode105:Nobufferspaceavailable

OSerrorcode106:Transportendpointisalreadyconnected

OSerrorcode107:Transportendpointisnotconnected

OSerrorcode108:Cannotsendaftertransportendpointshutdown

OSerrorcode109:Toomanyreferences:cannotsplice

OSerrorcode110:Connectiontimedout

OSerrorcode111:Connectionrefused

OSerrorcode112:Hostisdown

OSerrorcode113:Noroutetohost

OSerrorcode114:Operationalreadyinprogress

OSerrorcode115:Operationnowinprogress

OSerrorcode116:StaleNFSfilehandle

OSerrorcode117:Structureneedscleaning

OSerrorcode118:NotaXENIXnamedtypefile

OSerrorcode119:NoXENIXsemaphoresavailable

OSerrorcode120:Isanamedtypefile

MySQLerrorcode120:Didn'tfindkeyonreadorupdate

OSerrorcode121:RemoteI/Oerror

MySQLerrorcode121:Duplicatekeyonwriteorupdate

OSerrorcode122:Diskquotaexceeded

MySQLerrorcode122:Internal(unspecified)errorinhandler

OSerrorcode123:Nomediumfound

MySQLerrorcode123:Someonehaschangedtherowsinceitwasread(whilethetablewaslockedtopreventit)

OSerrorcode124:Wrongmediumtype

MySQLerrorcode124:Wrongindexgiventofunction

OSerrorcode125:Operationcanceled

MySQLerrorcode125:Undefinedhandlererror125

OSerrorcode126:Requiredkeynotavailable

MySQLerrorcode126:Indexfileiscrashed

OSerrorcode127:Keyhasexpired

MySQLerrorcode127:Recordfileiscrashed

OSerrorcode128:Keyhasbeenrevoked

MySQLerrorcode128:Outofmemoryinengine

OSerrorcode129:Keywasrejectedbyservice

MySQLerrorcode129:Undefinedhandlererror129

OSerrorcode130:Ownerdied

MySQLerrorcode130:Incorrectfileformat

OSerrorcode131:Statenotrecoverable

MySQLerrorcode131:Commandnotsupportedbydatabase

MySQLerrorcode132:Olddatabasefile

MySQLerrorcode133:Norecordreadbeforeupdate

MySQLerrorcode134:Recordwasalreadydeleted(orrecordfilecrashed)

MySQLerrorcode135:Nomoreroominrecordfile

MySQLerrorcode136:Nomoreroominindexfile

MySQLerrorcode137:Nomorerecords(readafterendoffile)

MySQLerrorcode138:Unsupportedextensionusedfortable

MySQLerrorcode139:Toobigrow

MySQLerrorcode140:Wrongcreateoptions

MySQLerrorcode141:Duplicateuniquekeyorconstraintonwriteorupdate

MySQLerrorcode142:Unknowncharactersetusedintable

MySQLerrorcode143:Conflictingtabledefinitionsinsub-tablesofMERGEtable

MySQLerrorcode144:Tableiscrashedandlastrepairfailed

MySQLerrorcode145:Tablewasmarkedascrashedandshouldberepaired

MySQLerrorcode146:Locktimedout;Retrytransaction

MySQLerrorcode147:Locktableisfull;Restartprogramwithalargerlocktable

MySQLerrorcode148:Updatesarenotallowedunderareadonlytransactions

MySQLerrorcode149:Lockdeadlock;Retrytransaction

MySQLerrorcode150:Foreignkeyconstraintisincorrectlyformed

MySQLerrorcode151:Cannotaddachildrow

MySQLerrorcode152:Cannotdeleteaparentrow

MySQLerrorcode153:Nosavepointwiththatname

MySQLerrorcode154:Nonuniquekeyblocksize

MySQLerrorcode155:Thetabledoesnotexistinengine

MySQLerrorcode156:Thetablealreadyexistedinstorageengine

MySQLerrorcode157:Couldnotconnecttostorageengine

MySQLerrorcode158:Unexpectednullpointerfoundwhenusingspatialindex

MySQLerrorcode159:Thetablechangedinstorageengine

MySQLerrorcode160:There'snopartitionintableforthegivenvalue

MySQLerrorcode161:Row-basedbinloggingofrowfailed

MySQLerrorcode162:Indexneededinforeignkeyconstraint

MySQLerrorcode163:Upholdingforeignkeyconstraintswouldleadtoaduplicatekeyerrorinsomeothertable

MySQLerrorcode164:Tableneedstobeupgradedbeforeitcanbeused

MySQLerrorcode165:Tableisreadonly

MySQLerrorcode166:Failedtogetnextautoincrementvalue

MySQLerrorcode167:Failedtosetrowautoincrementvalue

MySQLerrorcode168:Unknown(generic)errorfromengine

MySQLerrorcode169:Recordisthesame

MySQLerrorcode170:Itisnotpossibletologthisstatement

MySQLerrorcode171:Theeventwascorrupt,leadingtoillegaldatabeingread

MySQLerrorcode172:Thetableisofanewformatnotsupportedbythisversion

MySQLerrorcode173:Theeventcouldnotbeprocessednootherhanldererrorhappened

MySQLerrorcode174:Gotafatalerrorduringinitialzactionofhandler

MySQLerrorcode175:Filetoshort;Expectedmoredatainfile

MySQLerrorcode176:Readpagewithwrongchecksum

MySQLerrorcode177:Toomanyactiveconcurrenttransactions

[root@jfht~]#

示例四perror大体的C语言代码

[root@centos55~]#perror

-bash:perror:commandnotfound

[root@centos55~]#

[root@centos55~]#cat>perror.c

#include<stdio.h>

#include<errno.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<string.h>

intmain(intargc,char*argv[])

{

if(argc==1)

{

fprintf(stderr,"usage:%s<errno>[<errno>...]\n",argv[0]);

exit(1);

}

else

{

inti;

for(i=1;i<argc;++i)

{

intec=strtoul(argv[i],0,0);

fprintf(stdout,"OSerrorcode%d:%s\n",ec,strerror(ec));

}

exit(0);

}

}

[root@centos55~]#gcc-Wall-o/usr/bin/perrorperror.c

[root@centos55~]#perror1

OSerrorcode1:Operationnotpermitted

[root@centos55~]#

注：该源代码无法对非法的错误代码进行判断。perror程序在提供的错误代码非法时会在标准错误设备上输出信息，而不是标准输出设备。

问题思考

相关资料

【1】MySQL中文手册perror—ExplainErrorCodes

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/perror.html

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