Netty学习——通过websocket编程实现基于长连接的双攻的通信
Netty学习(一)基于长连接的双攻的通信,通过websocket编程实现
效果图,客户端和服务器端建立起长连接,客户端发送请求,服务器端响应

但是目前缺少心跳,如果两个建立起来的连接,一个断网之后,另外一个是感知不到对方已经断掉的。以后使用心跳技术来进行连接检测
须知:
状态码101,代表 协议转换,从HTTP协议升级为WebSocket协议
HTTP协议,一般访问的时候:是 Http://localhost:8080/ws
WebSocket协议,访问的时候,需要是:ws://localhost:8080/ws

实现代码:
服务器端:
package com.dawa.netty.fifthexample;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
/**
* @Title: MyServer
* @Author: 大娃
* @Date: 2019/11/28 14:02
* @Description:
*/
public class MyServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
//定义一个线程组 , 事件循环组 。 异步的NIO , 就是一个死循环。
EventLoopGroup bossGroutp = new NioEventLoopGroup(); //不断的接受连接,但是不处理
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); // 完成后续处理,把结果返回给客户端
try {
//服务端,启动类
ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
//group方法,有两个参数的,有一个参数的
serverBootstrap.group(bossGroutp, workerGroup).channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class).handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
.childHandler(new WebSocketChannelInitializer()); //字处理器,自己 定义的
ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8899)).sync();
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} finally {
//优雅关闭、
bossGroutp.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}package com.dawa.netty.fifthexample;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;
/**
* @Title: WebSocketChannelInitializer
* @Author: 大娃
* @Date: 2019/11/28 14:06
* @Description:
*/
public class WebSocketChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());//新的处理器 块
pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192)); //将分开的段,给聚合到一起,形成完整的HTTP响应。很重要的一个对象,在处理HTTP的时候
pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws"));
pipeline.addLast(new TextWebSocketFrameHandler());
}
}package com.dawa.netty.fifthexample;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
/**
* @Title: TextWebSocketFrameHandler
* @Author: 大娃
* @Date: 2019/12/2 08:33
* @Description:
*/
public class TextWebSocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
/**
*
* @param ctx 上下文对象
* @param msg //文本帧对象
* @throws Exception 抛异常
*/
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("收到消息:"+msg.text());
ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器时间:"+ LocalDateTime.now() )); //不能直接传入 字符串.因为不同协议的规范不同,websocket要求要传回这种的对象
}
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("handlerAdded:" + ctx.channel().id().asLongText());//每一个channel 都有一个唯一的id值与其对应
}
@Override
public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("HandlerRemoved:" + ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.channel().close();
}
}客户端(使用HTML,JS来代替模拟客户端)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>websocket客户端</title>
</head>
<body>
<!--
-->
<script type="text/javascript">
//使用浏览器,进行websocket服务器端的访问
var socket;
if (window.WebSocket) {//判断浏览器是否支持websocket
socket = new WebSocket("ws:localhost:8899/ws"); //建立websocket连接
socket.onmessage = function (ev) { //如果socket收到消息,这个onmessage方法就会被回调
var ta = document.getElementById(‘responseText‘);
ta.value = ta.value + "\n" + ev.data;
};
socket.onopen=function (ev) {//当连接被打开的时候,执行的回调
var ta = document.getElementById(‘responseText‘);
ta.value = "连接开启!";
};
socket.onclose = function (ev) {
var ta = document.getElementById(‘responseText‘);
ta.value = ta.value + "\n" + "连接断开!";
};
} else {
alert("浏览器不支持Websocket")
}
function send(message) {
if (!window.WebSocket) {
return;
}
if (socket.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
socket.send(message);
} else {
alert("连接未开启");
}
}
</script>
<!--客户端访问后台 websocket程序-->
<form action="" onsubmit="return false;">
<textarea name="message" style="width: 400px;height: 200px;"></textarea>
<input type="button" value="发送数据" onclick="send(this.form.message.value)">
<h3>服务器端输出:</h3>
<textarea id="responseText" style="width: 400px;height: 300px;"></textarea>
<input type="button" onclick="javascript:document.getElementById(‘responseText‘).value=‘‘;" value="清空内容">
</form>
</body>
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