webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(一)

webpack 是一个现代 JavaScript 应用程序的静态模块打包器,前端模块化的基础。作为一个前端工程师(切图仔),非常有必要学习。

webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(一)

webpack官网的文档非常的棒,中文文档也非常给力,可以媲美vue的文档。建议先看概念篇章,再看指南,然后看API和配置总览。看完指南教程后,需要自主动手练习才能更加有影响,这里记录下我搭建react开发环境的过程


准备工作

安装webpack

yarn add webpack webpack-cli -D

创建配置目录结构

config
    webpack.common.js
    webpack.dev.js
    webpack.prod.js

scripts
    build.js  // 构建模式脚本
    start.js  // 开发模式脚本

src
    index.js

package.json

先尝试一个简单配置

配置启动脚本命令

package.json
...
"license": "MIT",
+ "scripts": {
+     "start": "node ./scripts/start.js",
+     "build": "node ./scripts/build.js"
+ },
"devDependencies": {
    "webpack": "^4.35.2",
    "webpack-cli": "^3.3.5"
}
...

编写webpack配置, 以 src/index.js 作为主入口,以 build为打包后的目录

config/webpack.common.js

output path字段这里配置的绝对路径

const path = require('path');

        module.exports = {
            entry: "./src/index.js",
            output: {
                path: path.resolve(__dirname, "../build"),
                filename: "bundle.js"
            }
        }

编写开发模式运行脚本

scripts/build.js
const webpack = require('webpack');
        const webpackConfig = require('../config/webpack.common.js');

        webpack(webpackConfig, (err, stats) => {
            if(err || stats.hasErrors()){
                console.log("编译失败");
            }
        });

webpack node接口文档: https://www.webpackjs.com/api...

在入口编写一点内容

src/index.js
console.log('hello')

执行 yarn build 命令,生成打包目录

webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(一)

运行生成的 `bundle.js`

webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(一)

配置开发服务器 - webpack-dev-server

安装dev服务器和合并配置工具

yarn add webpack-dev-server webpack-merge -D

改写webpack配置文件, common文件导出一个可传参数的基本配置生成器, prod和dev文件使用webpack-merge将通用配置和各自模式下的配置进行合并导出

config/webpack.common.js
const path = require('path');

        function webpackCommonConfigCreator(options){
            /**
            * options: 
            *      mode // 开发模式
            */

            return {
                mode: options.mode,
                entry: "./src/index.js",
                output: {
                    filename: "bundle.js",
                    path: path.resolve(__dirname, "../build"),
                }
            }
        }

        module.exports = webpackCommonConfigCreator;
config/webpack.prod.js
const webpackConfigCreator = require('./webpack.common');
        const merge = require('webpack-merge');

        const config = {

        }

        const options = {
            mode: "production"
        }

        module.exports = merge(webpackConfigCreator(options), config);
config/webpack.dev.js
const webpackConfigCreator = require('./webpack.common');
        const merge = require('webpack-merge');

        const config = {

        }

        const options = {
            mode: "development"
        }

        module.exports = merge(webpackConfigCreator(options), config);
script/build.js
const webpack = require('webpack');
        const webpackConfig = require('../config/webpack.prod.js');

        webpack(webpackConfig, (err, stats) => {
            if(err || stats.hasErrors()){
                console.log("编译失败");
            }
        });

yarn build 打包,输出正常

配置 webpack-dev-server

config/webpack.dev.js

这里的contentBase选项是server模式下的output,开启server后,webpack会实时编译代码到内存

...
        + const path = require('path');

        const config = {
            + devServer: {
            +     contentBase: path.join(__dirname, "../dist")
            + }
        }
        ...
scripts/start.js
const webpack = require('webpack');
        const webpackDevServer = require('webpack-dev-server');
        const webpackConfig = require('../config/webpack.dev.js');

        const compiler = webpack(webpackConfig);
        const options = Object.assign({}, webpackConfig.devServer, {
            open: true
        })
        const server = new webpackDevServer(compiler, options);

        server.listen(3000, '127.0.0.1', () => {
            console.log('Starting server on http://localhost:8080');
        })

运行命令 yarn start, 浏览器自动弹出窗口,访问 localhost:3000/bundle.js

webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(一)


相关链接

  • webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(二)
  • webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(三)
  • webpack4详细教程,从无到有搭建react脚手架(四)

源码github仓库: https://github.com/tanf1995/W...