如何在Linux中配置RAID-教程

不久前,我们关于GParted有一个长篇的范围广的教程,GParted是一个强大的友好的分区软件,允许你配置驱动器和为多操作系统安装分区。教程帮助我们学习Linux通俗版,我们掌握了基本的配置,包括创建,调整大小,移动和删除分区,甚至更加高级的东西。在所有的情况下,我们在各个分区上工作。我们不涉足RAID。

In the tutorial, I only briefly mentioned RAID and LVM. In both cases, GParted could display some information on these setups, but it was incapable of creating them. Moreover, being able to create RAID and/or LVM is significantly more difficult than traditional partitions. Extra knowledge and special tools are needed.

教程中,我们只是简要地提及了RAID和LVM。这两种情况,GParted可以显示这些步骤的一些信息,但不能创建他们。此外,比起其他传统分区,创建RAID和LVM显然更加困难,需要额外的知识和特别的工具。

如何在Linux中配置RAID-教程

I promised separate tutorials on both subjects - and here we are. Today, we will talk about RAID.

我保证在这两个主题上教程分开——我们在这里。今天,我们会讨论RAID。

In this tutorial, we will learn what RAID is, both the acronym and the principle. We will learn what different types of RAID exist and what their advantages/disadvantages over conventional single disk/partition setups are. We will then install (Ubuntu) Linux by configuring two different types of RAID on the local hard disks. This experience will expose to the delicate process of partitioning once again, with emphasis on RAID devices and notation. In particular, we will also learn how the standard Linux bootloader (GRUB) handles the RAID devices. Lastly, we will learn about administrative system utilities used to control and manipulate RAID devices on Linux systems.

在这篇教程中,我们将学习什么是RAID,包括缩写和原则。我们将学习存在哪些不同类型的RAID,以及比起单独磁盘/分区安装他们的优缺点是什么。然后在本地硬盘上通过配置两种不同的RAID安装(Ubuntu)Linux。这个经验将

Quite a lot - and as always, step-by-step, with lots of images and in great detail, no steps skipped or assumed, with real life examples throughout. I believe this article will help you gain crucial skill and knowledge to be able to use Linux + RAID with great confidence.

不少——和往常一样,一步一步地,附加大量的图片和细节,没有跳过任何步骤或假设,完全与现实例子相同。我相信这篇文章会帮助你对使用Linux+RAID的关键技能和知识有极大的信心。

Let us begin.

我们开始吧

Table of Contents:

目录:

Tools of the trade

使用工具

Introduction

简介

Purpose of RAID

RAID的目的

Advantages

优势

Disadvantages

劣势

Limitations

局限性

RAID levels

RAID级别

RAID 0 (Striping)

RAID 0(分段)

RAID 1 (Mirroring)

RAID 1(镜像)

RAID 5

RAID 5

Linear RAID

线性RAID

Other levels

其他级别

Summary

摘要

RAID notation

RAID注释

/proc/mdstat

/proc/mdstat

mdadm

mdadm

Working with RAID - real-life examples

使用RAID——真实的例子

Partitioning

分区

Edit partitions

编辑分区

Change type to RAID

改变类型为RAID

Configure software RAID

配置软件RAID

Create MD device

创建MD设备

Choose device type

选择设备类型

Choose number of devices

选择设备数量

Choose spares

选择备件

Choose devices

选择设备

Final layout

最后的设置

Configure mount points

配置挂载点

Undo / Commit

撤销 /Commit

Installation

安装

After installation

安装之后

/proc/mdstat

/proc/mdstat

fdisk

fdisk

df

df

swapon

swapon

RAID & GRUB

RAID & GRUB

GRUB menu

GRUB菜单

Install GRUB manually on RAID devices

RAID设备上手动安装GRUB

Summary

摘要

GParted & RAID

GParted & RAID

Advanced configurations

高级配置

mdadm

mdadm

Other

其他

Conclusion

总结

Tools of the trade

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