Apache Pig与Lucene集成
如何使用Apache Pig与Lucene集成，还不知道的道友们，可以先看下上篇，熟悉下具体的流程。
在与Lucene集成过程中，我们发现最终还要把生成的Lucene索引，拷贝至本地磁盘，才能提供检索服务，这样以来，比较繁琐，而且有以下几个缺点：
（一）在生成索引以及最终能提供正常的服务之前，索引经过多次落地操作，这无疑会给磁盘和网络IO，带来巨大影响
（二）Lucene的Field的配置与其UDF函数的代码耦合性过强，而且提供的配置也比较简单，不太容易满足，灵活多变的检索需求和服务，如果改动索引配置，则有可能需要重新编译源码。
（三）对Hadoop的分布式存储系统HDFS依赖过强，如果使用与Lucene集成，那么则意味着你提供检索的Web服务器，则必须跟hadoop的存储节点在一个机器上，否则，无法从HDFS上下拉索引，除非你自己写程序，或使用scp再次从目标机传输，这样无疑又增加了，系统的复杂性。
鉴于有以上几个缺点，所以建议大家使用Solr或ElasticSearch这样的封装了Lucene更高级的API框架，那么Solr与ElasticSearch和Lucene相比，又有什么优点呢？
（1）在最终的写入数据时，我们可以直接最终结果写入solr或es，同时也可以在HDFS上保存一份，作为灾备。
（2）使用了solr或es，这时，我们字段的配置完全与UDF函数代码无关，我们的任何字段配置的变动，都不会影响Pig的UDF函数的代码，而在UDF函数里，唯一要做的，就是将最终数据，提供给solr和es服务。
（3）solr和es都提供了restful风格的http操作方式，这时候，我们的检索集群完全可以与Hadoop集群分离，从而让他们各自都专注自己的服务。
下面，散仙就具体说下如何使用Pig和Solr集成？
（1）依旧访问这个地址下载源码压缩包。
（2）提取出自己想要的部分，在eclipse工程中，修改定制适合自己环境的的代码（Solr版本是否兼容？hadoop版本是否兼容？，Pig版本是否兼容？）。
（3）使用ant重新打包成jar
（4）在pig里，注册相关依赖的jar包，并使用索引存储
注意，在github下载的压缩里直接提供了对SolrCloud模式的提供，而没有提供，普通模式的函数，散仙在这里稍作修改后，可以支持普通模式的Solr服务，代码如下：
SolrOutputFormat函数
package com.pig.support.solr;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.OutputCommitter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordWriter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServer;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServerException;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.CloudSolrServer;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrServer;
import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;
/**
* @author qindongliang
* 支持SOlr的SolrOutputFormat
* 如果你想了解，或学习更多这方面的
* 知识，请加入我们的群：
*
* 搜索技术交流群（2000人）：324714439
* 大数据技术1号交流群（2000人）：376932160 （已满）
* 大数据技术2号交流群（2000人）：415886155
* 微信公众号：我是攻城师（woshigcs）
*
* */
public class SolrOutputFormat extends
FileOutputFormat<Writable, SolrInputDocument> {
final String address;
final String collection;
public SolrOutputFormat(String address, String collection) {
this.address = address;
this.collection = collection;
}
@Override
public RecordWriter<Writable, SolrInputDocument> getRecordWriter(
TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return new SolrRecordWriter(ctx, address, collection);
}
@Override
public synchronized OutputCommitter getOutputCommitter(
TaskAttemptContext arg0) throws IOException {
return new OutputCommitter(){
@Override
public void abortTask(TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
@Override
public void commitTask(TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
@Override
public boolean needsTaskCommit(TaskAttemptContext arg0)
throws IOException {
return true;
}
@Override
public void setupJob(JobContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
@Override
public void setupTask(TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
};
}
/**
* Write out the LuceneIndex to a local temporary location.<br/>
* On commit/close the index is copied to the hdfs output directory.<br/>
*
*/
static class SolrRecordWriter extends RecordWriter<Writable, SolrInputDocument> {
/**Solr的地址*/
SolrServer server;
/**批处理提交的数量**/
int batch = 5000;
TaskAttemptContext ctx;
List<SolrInputDocument> docs = new ArrayList<SolrInputDocument>(batch);
ScheduledExecutorService exec = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
/**
* Opens and forces connect to CloudSolrServer
*
* @param address
*/
public SolrRecordWriter(final TaskAttemptContext ctx, String address, String collection) {
try {
this.ctx = ctx;
server = new HttpSolrServer(address);
exec.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
ctx.progress();
}
}, 1000, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
} catch (Exception e) {
RuntimeException exc = new RuntimeException(e.toString(), e);
exc.setStackTrace(e.getStackTrace());
throw exc;
}
}
/**
* On close we commit
*/
@Override
public void close(final TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException,
InterruptedException {
try {
if (docs.size() > 0) {
server.add(docs);
docs.clear();
}
server.commit();
} catch (SolrServerException e) {
RuntimeException exc = new RuntimeException(e.toString(), e);
exc.setStackTrace(e.getStackTrace());
throw exc;
} finally {
server.shutdown();
exec.shutdownNow();
}
}
/**
* We add the indexed documents without commit
*/
@Override
public void write(Writable key, SolrInputDocument doc)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
try {
docs.add(doc);
if (docs.size() >= batch) {
server.add(docs);
docs.clear();
}
} catch (SolrServerException e) {
RuntimeException exc = new RuntimeException(e.toString(), e);
exc.setStackTrace(e.getStackTrace());
throw exc;
}
}
}
} package com.pig.support.solr;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.OutputCommitter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordWriter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServer;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.SolrServerException;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.CloudSolrServer;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrServer;
import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;
/**
* @author qindongliang
* 支持SOlr的SolrOutputFormat
* 如果你想了解，或学习更多这方面的
* 知识，请加入我们的群：
*
* 搜索技术交流群（2000人）：324714439
* 大数据技术1号交流群（2000人）：376932160 （已满）
* 大数据技术2号交流群（2000人）：415886155
* 微信公众号：我是攻城师（woshigcs）
*
* */
public class SolrOutputFormat extends
FileOutputFormat<Writable, SolrInputDocument> {
final String address;
final String collection;
public SolrOutputFormat(String address, String collection) {
this.address = address;
this.collection = collection;
}
@Override
public RecordWriter<Writable, SolrInputDocument> getRecordWriter(
TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
return new SolrRecordWriter(ctx, address, collection);
}
@Override
public synchronized OutputCommitter getOutputCommitter(
TaskAttemptContext arg0) throws IOException {
return new OutputCommitter(){
@Override
public void abortTask(TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
@Override
public void commitTask(TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
@Override
public boolean needsTaskCommit(TaskAttemptContext arg0)
throws IOException {
return true;
}
@Override
public void setupJob(JobContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
@Override
public void setupTask(TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException {
}
};
}
/**
* Write out the LuceneIndex to a local temporary location.<br/>
* On commit/close the index is copied to the hdfs output directory.<br/>
*
*/
static class SolrRecordWriter extends RecordWriter<Writable, SolrInputDocument> {
/**Solr的地址*/
SolrServer server;
/**批处理提交的数量**/
int batch = 5000;
TaskAttemptContext ctx;
List<SolrInputDocument> docs = new ArrayList<SolrInputDocument>(batch);
ScheduledExecutorService exec = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
/**
* Opens and forces connect to CloudSolrServer
*
* @param address
*/
public SolrRecordWriter(final TaskAttemptContext ctx, String address, String collection) {
try {
this.ctx = ctx;
server = new HttpSolrServer(address);
exec.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
ctx.progress();
}
}, 1000, 1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
} catch (Exception e) {
RuntimeException exc = new RuntimeException(e.toString(), e);
exc.setStackTrace(e.getStackTrace());
throw exc;
}
}
/**
* On close we commit
*/
@Override
public void close(final TaskAttemptContext ctx) throws IOException,
InterruptedException {
try {
if (docs.size() > 0) {
server.add(docs);
docs.clear();
}
server.commit();
} catch (SolrServerException e) {
RuntimeException exc = new RuntimeException(e.toString(), e);
exc.setStackTrace(e.getStackTrace());
throw exc;
} finally {
server.shutdown();
exec.shutdownNow();
}
}
/**
* We add the indexed documents without commit
*/
@Override
public void write(Writable key, SolrInputDocument doc)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
try {
docs.add(doc);
if (docs.size() >= batch) {
server.add(docs);
docs.clear();
}
} catch (SolrServerException e) {
RuntimeException exc = new RuntimeException(e.toString(), e);
exc.setStackTrace(e.getStackTrace());
throw exc;
}
}
}
}
SolrStore函数
package com.pig.support.solr;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.OutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordWriter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceSchema;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceSchema.ResourceFieldSchema;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceStatistics;
import org.apache.pig.StoreFunc;
import org.apache.pig.StoreMetadata;
import org.apache.pig.data.Tuple;
import org.apache.pig.impl.util.UDFContext;
import org.apache.pig.impl.util.Utils;
import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;
/**
*
* Create a lucene index
*
*/
public class SolrStore extends StoreFunc implements StoreMetadata {
private static final String SCHEMA_SIGNATURE = "solr.output.schema";
ResourceSchema schema;
String udfSignature;
RecordWriter<Writable, SolrInputDocument> writer;
String address;
String collection;
public SolrStore(String address, String collection) {
this.address = address;
this.collection = collection;
}
public void storeStatistics(ResourceStatistics stats, String location,
Job job) throws IOException {
}
public void storeSchema(ResourceSchema schema, String location, Job job)
throws IOException {
}
@Override
public void checkSchema(ResourceSchema s) throws IOException {
UDFContext udfc = UDFContext.getUDFContext();
Properties p = udfc.getUDFProperties(this.getClass(),
new String[] { udfSignature });
p.setProperty(SCHEMA_SIGNATURE, s.toString());
}
public OutputFormat<Writable, SolrInputDocument> getOutputFormat()
throws IOException {
// not be used
return new SolrOutputFormat(address, collection);
}
/**
* Not used
*/
@Override
public void setStoreLocation(String location, Job job) throws IOException {
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(location));
}
@Override
public void setStoreFuncUDFContextSignature(String signature) {
this.udfSignature = signature;
}
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
@Override
public void prepareToWrite(RecordWriter writer) throws IOException {
this.writer = writer;
UDFContext udc = UDFContext.getUDFContext();
String schemaStr = udc.getUDFProperties(this.getClass(),
new String[] { udfSignature }).getProperty(SCHEMA_SIGNATURE);
if (schemaStr == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not find udf signature");
}
schema = new ResourceSchema(Utils.getSchemaFromString(schemaStr));
}
/**
* Shamelessly copied from : https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/attachment/12484764/NUTCH-1016-2.0.patch
* @param input
* @return
*/
private static String stripNonCharCodepoints(String input) {
StringBuilder retval = new StringBuilder(input.length());
char ch;
for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
ch = input.charAt(i);
// Strip all non-characters
// http://unicode.org/cldr/utility/list-unicodeset.jsp?a=[:Noncharacter_Code_Point=True:]
// and non-printable control characters except tabulator, new line
// and carriage return
if (ch % 0x10000 != 0xffff && // 0xffff - 0x10ffff range step
// 0x10000
ch % 0x10000 != 0xfffe && // 0xfffe - 0x10fffe range
(ch <= 0xfdd0 || ch >= 0xfdef) && // 0xfdd0 - 0xfdef
(ch > 0x1F || ch == 0x9 || ch == 0xa || ch == 0xd)) {
retval.append(ch);
}
}
return retval.toString();
}
@Override
public void putNext(Tuple t) throws IOException {
final SolrInputDocument doc = new SolrInputDocument();
final ResourceFieldSchema[] fields = schema.getFields();
int docfields = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
final Object value = t.get(i);
if (value != null) {
docfields++;
doc.addField(fields[i].getName().trim(), stripNonCharCodepoints(value.toString()));
}
}
try {
if (docfields > 0)
writer.write(null, doc);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
return;
}
}
} package com.pig.support.solr;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.OutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordWriter;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceSchema;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceSchema.ResourceFieldSchema;
import org.apache.pig.ResourceStatistics;
import org.apache.pig.StoreFunc;
import org.apache.pig.StoreMetadata;
import org.apache.pig.data.Tuple;
import org.apache.pig.impl.util.UDFContext;
import org.apache.pig.impl.util.Utils;
import org.apache.solr.common.SolrInputDocument;
/**
*
* Create a lucene index
*
*/
public class SolrStore extends StoreFunc implements StoreMetadata {
private static final String SCHEMA_SIGNATURE = "solr.output.schema";
ResourceSchema schema;
String udfSignature;
RecordWriter<Writable, SolrInputDocument> writer;
String address;
String collection;
public SolrStore(String address, String collection) {
this.address = address;
this.collection = collection;
}
public void storeStatistics(ResourceStatistics stats, String location,
Job job) throws IOException {
}
public void storeSchema(ResourceSchema schema, String location, Job job)
throws IOException {
}
@Override
public void checkSchema(ResourceSchema s) throws IOException {
UDFContext udfc = UDFContext.getUDFContext();
Properties p = udfc.getUDFProperties(this.getClass(),
new String[] { udfSignature });
p.setProperty(SCHEMA_SIGNATURE, s.toString());
}
public OutputFormat<Writable, SolrInputDocument> getOutputFormat()
throws IOException {
// not be used
return new SolrOutputFormat(address, collection);
}
/**
* Not used
*/
@Override
public void setStoreLocation(String location, Job job) throws IOException {
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(location));
}
@Override
public void setStoreFuncUDFContextSignature(String signature) {
this.udfSignature = signature;
}
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
@Override
public void prepareToWrite(RecordWriter writer) throws IOException {
this.writer = writer;
UDFContext udc = UDFContext.getUDFContext();
String schemaStr = udc.getUDFProperties(this.getClass(),
new String[] { udfSignature }).getProperty(SCHEMA_SIGNATURE);
if (schemaStr == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not find udf signature");
}
schema = new ResourceSchema(Utils.getSchemaFromString(schemaStr));
}
/**
* Shamelessly copied from : https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/attachment/12484764/NUTCH-1016-2.0.patch
* @param input
* @return
*/
private static String stripNonCharCodepoints(String input) {
StringBuilder retval = new StringBuilder(input.length());
char ch;
for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
ch = input.charAt(i);
// Strip all non-characters
// http://unicode.org/cldr/utility/list-unicodeset.jsp?a=[:Noncharacter_Code_Point=True:]
// and non-printable control characters except tabulator, new line
// and carriage return
if (ch % 0x10000 != 0xffff && // 0xffff - 0x10ffff range step
// 0x10000
ch % 0x10000 != 0xfffe && // 0xfffe - 0x10fffe range
(ch <= 0xfdd0 || ch >= 0xfdef) && // 0xfdd0 - 0xfdef
(ch > 0x1F || ch == 0x9 || ch == 0xa || ch == 0xd)) {
retval.append(ch);
}
}
return retval.toString();
}
@Override
public void putNext(Tuple t) throws IOException {
final SolrInputDocument doc = new SolrInputDocument();
final ResourceFieldSchema[] fields = schema.getFields();
int docfields = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
final Object value = t.get(i);
if (value != null) {
docfields++;
doc.addField(fields[i].getName().trim(), stripNonCharCodepoints(value.toString()));
}
}
try {
if (docfields > 0)
writer.write(null, doc);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
return;
}
}
}
Pig脚本如下：
--注册依赖文件的jar包
REGISTER ./dependfiles/tools.jar;
--注册solr相关的jar包
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/pigudf.jar;
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/solr-core-4.10.2.jar;
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/solr-solrj-4.10.2.jar;
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/httpclient-4.3.1.jar
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/httpcore-4.3.jar
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/httpmime-4.3.1.jar
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/noggit-0.5.jar
--加载HDFS数据，并定义scheaml
a = load '/tmp/data' using PigStorage(',') as (sword:chararray,scount:int);
--存储到solr中，并提供solr的ip地址和端口号
store d into '/user/search/solrindextemp' using com.pig.support.solr.SolrStore('http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1','collection1');
~
~
~ --注册依赖文件的jar包
REGISTER ./dependfiles/tools.jar;
--注册solr相关的jar包
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/pigudf.jar;
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/solr-core-4.10.2.jar;
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/solr-solrj-4.10.2.jar;
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/httpclient-4.3.1.jar
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/httpcore-4.3.jar
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/httpmime-4.3.1.jar
REGISTER ./solrdependfiles/noggit-0.5.jar
--加载HDFS数据，并定义scheaml
a = load '/tmp/data' using PigStorage(',') as (sword:chararray,scount:int);
--存储到solr中，并提供solr的ip地址和端口号
store d into '/user/search/solrindextemp' using com.pig.support.solr.SolrStore('http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1','collection1');
~
~
~
配置成功之后，我们就可以运行程序，加载HDFS上数据，经过计算处理之后，并将最终的结果，存储到Solr之中，截图如下： 
成功之后，我们就可以很方便的在solr中进行毫秒级别的操作了，例如各种各样的全文查询，过滤，排序统计等等！
同样的方式，我们也可以将索引存储在ElasticSearch中，关于如何使用Pig和ElasticSearch集成，散仙也会在后面的文章中介绍，敬请期待！
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