Netty源码分析之ChannelPipeline

本章节分析Netty中的ChannelPipeline模块。

每个channel内部都会持有一个ChannelPipeline对象pipeline.

pipeline默认实现DefaultChannelPipeline内部维护了一个DefaultChannelHandlerContext链表。

Netty源码分析之ChannelPipeline

ChannelPipeline

当channel完成register、active、read等操作时,会触发pipeline的相应方法。

1、当channel注册到selector时,触发pipeline的fireChannelRegistered方法。

2、当channel的socket绑定完成时,触发pipeline的fireChannelActive方法。

3、当有客户端请求时,触发pipeline的fireChannelRead方法。

4、当本次客户端请求,pipeline执行完fireChannelRead,触发pipeline的fireChannelReadComplete方法。

接下去看看pipeline是如何组织并运行handler对应的方法。

DefaultChannelPipeline

其中DefaultChannelHandlerContext保存了当前handler的上下文,如channel、pipeline等信息,默认实现了head和tail。

Netty源码分析之ChannelPipeline

class DefaultChannelPipeline implements ChannelPipeline {
 final Channel channel; // pipeline所属的channel
 //head和tail都是handler上下文
 final DefaultChannelHandlerContext head;
 final DefaultChannelHandlerContext tail;
 ...
 public DefaultChannelPipeline(AbstractChannel channel) {
 if (channel == null) {
 throw new NullPointerException("channel");
 }
 this.channel = channel;
 tail = new TailContext(this);
 head = new HeadContext(this);
 head.next = tail;
 tail.prev = head;
 } 
}

1、TailContext实现了ChannelOutboundHandler接口。

2、HeadContext实现了ChannelInboundHandler接口。

3、head和tail形成了一个链表。

对于Inbound的操作,当channel注册到selector时,触发pipeline的fireChannelRegistered,从head开始遍历,找到实现了ChannelInboundHandler接口的handler,并执行其fireChannelRegistered方法。

@Override
public ChannelPipeline fireChannelRegistered() {
 head.fireChannelRegistered();
 return this;
}
@Override
public ChannelHandlerContext fireChannelRegistered() {
 final DefaultChannelHandlerContext next = findContextInbound();
 EventExecutor executor = next.executor();
 if (executor.inEventLoop()) {
 next.invokeChannelRegistered();
 } else {
 executor.execute(new Runnable() {
 @Override
 public void run() {
 next.invokeChannelRegistered();
 }
 });
 }
 return this;
}
private DefaultChannelHandlerContext findContextInbound() {
 DefaultChannelHandlerContext ctx = this;
 do {
 ctx = ctx.next;
 } while (!(ctx.handler() instanceof ChannelInboundHandler));
 return ctx;
}
private void invokeChannelRegistered() {
 try {
 ((ChannelInboundHandler) handler()).channelRegistered(this);
 } catch (Throwable t) {
 notifyHandlerException(t);
 }
}

假如我们通过pipeline的addLast方法添加一个inboundHandler实现。

public class ClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
 @Override 
 public void channelRegistered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) 
 throws Exception { 
 super.channelRegistered(ctx); 
 System.out.println(" ClientHandler registered channel "); 
 } 
}

当channel注册完成时会触发pipeline的channelRegistered方法,从head开始遍历,找到ClientHandler,并执行channelRegistered方法。

对于Outbound的操作,则从tail向前遍历,找到实现ChannelOutboundHandler接口的handler,具体实现和Inbound一样。

服务启动过程中,ServerBootstrap在init方法中,会给ServerSocketChannel的pipeline添加ChannelInitializer对象,其中ChannelInitializer继承ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter,并实现了ChannelInboundHandler接口,所以当ServerSocketChannel注册到selector之后,会触发其channelRegistered方法。

public final void channelRegistered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
 initChannel((C) ctx.channel());
 ctx.pipeline().remove(this);
 ctx.fireChannelRegistered();
}
public void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
 ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
 ChannelHandler handler = handler();
 if (handler != null) {
 pipeline.addLast(handler);
 }
 pipeline.addLast(new ServerBootstrapAcceptor(
 currentChildGroup, currentChildHandler, currentChildOptions, currentChildAttrs));
}

在initChannel实现中,添加ServerBootstrapAcceptor实例到pipeline中。

ServerBootstrapAcceptor继承自ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter,负责把接收到的客户端socketChannel注册到childGroup中,由childGroup中的eventLoop负责数据处理。

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
 final Channel child = (Channel) msg;
 child.pipeline().addLast(childHandler);
 for (Entry<ChannelOption<?>, Object> e: childOptions) {
 try {
 if (!child.config().setOption((ChannelOption<Object>) e.getKey(), e.getValue())) {
 logger.warn("Unknown channel option: " + e);
 }
 } catch (Throwable t) {
 logger.warn("Failed to set a channel option: " + child, t);
 }
 }
 for (Entry<AttributeKey<?>, Object> e: childAttrs) {
 child.attr((AttributeKey<Object>) e.getKey()).set(e.getValue());
 }
 try {
 childGroup.register(child).addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
 @Override
 public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
 if (!future.isSuccess()) {
 forceClose(child, future.cause());
 }
 }
 });
 } catch (Throwable t) {
 forceClose(child, t);
 }
}

Netty源码分析之ChannelPipeline

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