Linux登录shell和非登录(交互式shell)环境变量配置
使用Jenkins执行shell脚本的时候, 碰到command not found
. 比如java mvn
, 这些环境变量配置在/etc/profile
中, 但jenkins执行的时候并没有加载.
这是因为jenkins执行的shell是非登录交互式shell, 并不会加载/etc/profile
.
交互式shell会加载.bashrc
, 进而会加载/etc/bashrc
, 而/etc/bashrc
会加载/etc/profile.d/*.sh
.
因此, 自定义的变量应该定义在/etc/profile.d/*.sh
1.登录shell
所谓登录shell,指的是当用户登录系统时所取的那个shell,登录shell属于交互式shell。
登录shell将查找4个不同的启动文件来处理其中的命令。 bash shell处理文件的顺序如下:
1:/etc/profile 2:/etc/profile.d等待配置文件 3:$HOME/.bash_profile 会加载$HOME/.bashrc和/etc/bashrc 4:$HOME/.bash_login 5:$HOME/.profile
2. 交互式非登录shell
如果启动了一个bash shell而没有登入系统(如在CLI提示符中键入bash),
则启动了一个交互式非登录shell.
$HOME/.bashrc
交互式非登录shell执行~/.bashrc文件中的命令.在每次执行shell脚本时,都会重新读取这个文件,所以是最完整的。
但是万事都不是一样的,debain系列的是不同的,如ubuntu
/etc/profile-->/etc/environment-->$HOME/.profile.要配置java等变量时,都/etc/environment中
.bashrc
# .bashrc # User specific aliases and functions alias rm=‘rm -i‘ alias cp=‘cp -i‘ alias mv=‘mv -i‘ # Source global definitions if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then . /etc/bashrc fi
登录shell的初始化文件(比如.bash_profile)通常会运行这个文件。这样,登录shell和非登录shell都可以使用.bashrc中的命令。
/etc/bashrc
[ ~]# cat /etc/bashrc # /etc/bashrc # System wide functions and aliases # Environment stuff goes in /etc/profile # It‘s NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you # are doing. It‘s much better to create a custom.sh shell script in # /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this # will prevent the need for merging in future updates. # are we an interactive shell? if [ "$PS1" ]; then if [ -z "$PROMPT_COMMAND" ]; then case $TERM in xterm*|vte*) if [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-xterm ]; then PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-xterm elif [ "${VTE_VERSION:-0}" -ge 3405 ]; then PROMPT_COMMAND="__vte_prompt_command" else PROMPT_COMMAND=‘printf "\033]0;%%s:%s\007" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"‘ fi ;; screen*) if [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen ]; then PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen else PROMPT_COMMAND=‘printf "\033k%%s:%s\033\\" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"‘ fi ;; *) [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-default ] && PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-default ;; esac fi # Turn on parallel history shopt -s histappend history -a # Turn on checkwinsize shopt -s checkwinsize [ "$PS1" = "\\s-\\v\\\$ " ] && PS1="[\\h \W]\\$ " # You might want to have e.g. tty in prompt (e.g. more virtual machines) # and console windows # If you want to do so, just add e.g. # if [ "$PS1" ]; then # PS1="[\\h:\l \W]\\$ " # fi # to your custom modification shell script in /etc/profile.d/ directory fi if ! shopt -q login_shell ; then # We‘re not a login shell # Need to redefine pathmunge, it get‘s undefined at the end of /etc/profile pathmunge () { case ":${PATH}:" in *:"$1":*) ;; *) if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then PATH=$PATH:$1 else PATH=$1:$PATH fi esac } # By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for non-login shell. # Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200 # You could check uidgid reservation validity in # /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id -gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then umask 002 else umask 022 fi SHELL=/bin/bash # Only display echos from profile.d scripts if we are no login shell # and interactive - otherwise just process them to set envvars for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do if [ -r "$i" ]; then if [ "$PS1" ]; then . "$i" else . "$i" >/dev/null fi fi done unset i unset -f pathmunge fi # vim:ts=4:sw=4